High efficiency separation of bastnaesite (REFCO3) and monazite (REPO4) in mixed rare earth concentrate by heating under N2 and leaching with HCl/AlCl3

IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106338
Jiahao He , Peng Gao , Shuai Yuan , Shaokai Cheng , Jilai Ning , Zhenya Zhou , Yongsheng Sun , Wenbo Li
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Abstract

Bayan Obo mixed rare earth (RE) concentrate is one of the most significant rare earth mineral resources worldwide. However, the concentrated sulfuric acid roasting method, which is commonly used to treat ores, generates pollutants such as waste gas, wastewater, and leach residue, resulting in the squandering of the associated resources. This paper introduces a green process involving selective mineral phase transformation (MPT) by heating, followed by leaching to separate bastnaesite and monazite in a mixed RE concentrate to facilitate their subsequent decomposition or extraction. The effects of the MPT conditions on rare earth extraction were investigated. During the MPT process, bastnasite decomposed into REOF, which is more easily leached, whereas monazite remained unchanged. Under suitable conditions, the leaching efficiency of REOF reached 93.7%, while that of monazite (REPO4) was only 3.2%. Furthermore, the content of monazite in the leach residue was 91.2%. Compared to the mixed RE concentrate, numerous cracks and pores were generated on the surface and inside the MPT products. Furthermore, the total pore volume and specific surface area significantly increased, which made the reaction between the MPT products and hydrochloric acid more efficient. Thus, the MPT process facilitated the leaching of bastnasite and its separation from monazite.

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通过在 N2 下加热并用 HCl/AlCl3 浸出,高效分离混合稀土精矿中的韧皮石 (REFCO3) 和独居石 (REPO4)
巴彦奥博混合稀土(RE)精矿是全球最重要的稀土矿资源之一。然而,通常用于处理矿石的浓硫酸焙烧法会产生废气、废水和浸出残渣等污染物,导致相关资源的浪费。本文介绍了一种绿色工艺,即通过加热进行选择性矿物相变(MPT),然后进行浸出,以分离混合 RE 精矿中的韧皮石和独居石,从而促进它们的后续分解或提取。研究了 MPT 条件对稀土萃取的影响。在 MPT 过程中,姥铁矿分解成了更容易浸出的 REOF,而独居石则保持不变。在合适的条件下,REOF 的浸出效率达到 93.7%,而独居石(REPO4)的浸出效率仅为 3.2%。此外,浸出残渣中的独居石含量为 91.2%。与混合 RE 浓缩物相比,MPT 产品的表面和内部产生了大量裂缝和孔隙。此外,总孔容积和比表面积显著增加,这使得 MPT 产物与盐酸的反应更加有效。因此,MPT 工艺促进了姥铁矿的沥滤及其与独居石的分离。
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来源期刊
Hydrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy 工程技术-冶金工程
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
6.40%
发文量
144
审稿时长
3.4 months
期刊介绍: Hydrometallurgy aims to compile studies on novel processes, process design, chemistry, modelling, control, economics and interfaces between unit operations, and to provide a forum for discussions on case histories and operational difficulties. Topics covered include: leaching of metal values by chemical reagents or bacterial action at ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures; separation of solids from leach liquors; removal of impurities and recovery of metal values by precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, gaseous reduction, cementation, electro-winning and electro-refining; pre-treatment of ores by roasting or chemical treatments such as halogenation or reduction; recycling of reagents and treatment of effluents.
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