Differential ovipositional preferences of Acraea terpsicore (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on congeneric wild and introduced cultivated Passiflora plants based on differences in leaf characteristics

Abstract

Acraea terpsicore (Linnaeus, 1758) can utilize multiple host plants, particularly those in genus Passiflora, and poses a potential pest risk for introduced Passiflora plants and economically significant crops. In this study, the ovipositional preferences of an A. terpsicore population were investigated on four Passiflora species, including the wild host plant P. foetida, the fruit crop plant P. edulis, and two ornamental flower plants, P. × alata-caerulea and P. × coccinea-caerulea, as well as two non-Passiflora plants, Cucumis sativus and Vigna unguiculata. From a total of 4,059 eggs and 3,135 caterpillars, the majority of eggs were oviposited on P. foetida (50.63 %), followed by P. × coccinea-caerulea (23.40 %), P. × alata-caerulea (20.65 %), and P. edulis (5.32 %). Similarly, caterpillars were predominantly observed on P. foetida (38.66 %) and P. × coccinea-caerulea (38.50 %), followed by P. × alata-caerulea (17.86 %) and P. edulis (4.98 %). Meanwhile, neither eggs nor caterpillars were found on the non-Passiflora plants. Interestingly, the abundance of predatory arthropods mirrored the distribution of caterpillars. In addition, temperature and humidity strongly influenced the number of observed eggs and caterpillars. Although A. terpsicore preferred to oviposit on P. foetida, its caterpillars were equally abundant on P. × coccinea-caerulea. These differential ovipositional preferences and caterpillar proportions may be attributed to ovipositional preferences rather than caterpillars’ preferences. Although A. terpsicore is regarded as a non-pest species at present, this status may be altered if it encounters congeneric plants resembling its wild host plant within landscapes.