Possible role of β-hydroxybutyrate in inducing inflammation in alopecia areata

IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Experimental Dermatology Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1111/exd.15117
Jung-Min Shin, Seungjin Son, Kyung Eun Jung, Chang Deok Kim, Young Lee
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Abstract

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss due to an immune response that targets hair follicles. The current treatment approach for AA involves the use of immunosuppressants and immunomodulators to reduce cytokine levels around affected hair follicles. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as potential anti-inflammatory agents with diverse beneficial effects in various medical conditions. This study investigates the role of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a ketone body produced during SGLT2 inhibition, in the pathogenesis of AA. Serum BHB levels were found to be significantly elevated in patients with AA compared with healthy controls, with higher levels correlating with severity of hair loss. BHB treatment increased inflammatory cytokine production in outer root sheath (ORS) cells, mimicking the inflammatory conditions seen in AA. The results suggest that elevated BHB levels may exacerbate the inflammatory immune response in AA patients and may be associated with chronic hair loss and resistance to treatment. Serum BHB levels may serve as a potential marker of poor prognosis in patients with severe AA. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise role of BHB in the pathogenesis of AA and its implications for disease management.

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β-hydroxybutyrate 在诱发斑秃炎症中的可能作用。
斑秃(AA)是一种自身免疫性炎症疾病,其特征是由于针对毛囊的免疫反应引起的非瘢痕性脱发。目前治疗斑秃的方法包括使用免疫抑制剂和免疫调节剂来降低受影响毛囊周围的细胞因子水平。钠-葡萄糖共转运体 2(SGLT2)抑制剂已成为潜在的抗炎药物,在各种病症中具有多种有益作用。本研究调查了 SGLT2 抑制过程中产生的酮体--β-羟丁酸(BHB)在 AA 发病机制中的作用。研究发现,与健康对照组相比,AA 患者的血清 BHB 水平明显升高,而 BHB 水平的升高与脱发的严重程度相关。BHB治疗可增加外根鞘(ORS)细胞中炎症细胞因子的产生,模拟AA的炎症状况。研究结果表明,BHB 水平升高可能会加剧 AA 患者的炎症免疫反应,并可能与慢性脱发和抗药性有关。血清 BHB 水平可作为严重 AA 患者预后不良的潜在标志物。要阐明 BHB 在 AA 发病机制中的确切作用及其对疾病治疗的影响,还需要进一步的研究。
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来源期刊
Experimental Dermatology
Experimental Dermatology 医学-皮肤病学
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
5.60%
发文量
201
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Experimental Dermatology provides a vehicle for the rapid publication of innovative and definitive reports, letters to the editor and review articles covering all aspects of experimental dermatology. Preference is given to papers of immediate importance to other investigators, either by virtue of their new methodology, experimental data or new ideas. The essential criteria for publication are clarity, experimental soundness and novelty. Letters to the editor related to published reports may also be accepted, provided that they are short and scientifically relevant to the reports mentioned, in order to provide a continuing forum for discussion. Review articles represent a state-of-the-art overview and are invited by the editors.
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