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Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis-Like Skin Changes Induced by the Application of Absorbent Pads Containing Bacteria and Artificial Urine in Rats 使用含细菌和人造尿的吸收垫诱发大鼠失禁相关皮炎样皮肤变化
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70013
Ai Horinouchi, Yuko Mugita, Sanai Tomida, Chihiro Takizawa, Daijiro Haba, Hiromi Sanada, Gojiro Nakagami

Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is one of the most serious complications in older people with incontinence. Controlling urine property in absorbent pads could be effective for preventing IAD caused by bacterial urine. However, no animal model has been established to evaluate their effectiveness. This study aimed to induce IAD-like skin changes using absorbent pads containing bacterial urine and to confirm their pathophysiology in rats. Hairless Wistar Yagi rats were divided into the bacteria-containing urine (BU) and the bacteria-free urine (U) groups. A 10-h-attachment of absorbent pads containing artificial urine with/without bacteria to the skin pretreated with sodium lauryl sulfate was performed repeatedly for 5 days. Macroscopic findings and skin barrier function were examined every day, and histological changes, inflammatory responses and bacterial quantification in tissue samples were examined on Day 5. The BU group exhibited significant skin redness from Day 3, significant elevation of transepidermal water loss from Day 1, and histological changes, including significantly thickened epidermis, abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and erythrocyte leakage. Inflammation, confirmed by higher myeloperoxidase-positive cells, elevated tumour necrosis factor-α expression, and vascular endothelial damage, indicated by CD31 and pentraxin 3-positive cells, were observed in the BU group. The bacterial quantification showed no significant difference between the groups. IAD-like skin changes including histological changes and inflammation were suggested to be caused by urine properties altered by bacteria. This study proposed a new animal model for evaluating the effectiveness of absorbent pads in controlling the urine properties of bacterial urine on preventing IAD.

尿失禁相关皮炎(IAD)是患有尿失禁的老年人最严重的并发症之一。控制吸收垫的尿液性质可以有效预防细菌性尿液引起的 IAD。然而,目前还没有建立动物模型来评估其有效性。本研究旨在使用含有细菌尿液的吸收垫诱导 IAD 样皮肤变化,并在大鼠身上证实其病理生理学。无毛 Wistar Yagi 大鼠被分为含菌尿(BU)组和无菌尿(U)组。用十二烷基硫酸钠预处理过的含/不含细菌人工尿液的吸收垫贴在大鼠皮肤上,反复贴附 10 小时,持续 5 天。每天检查宏观结果和皮肤屏障功能,第 5 天检查组织学变化、炎症反应和组织样本中的细菌定量。从第 3 天起,BU 组皮肤明显发红,从第 1 天起,经表皮失水明显增加,组织学变化包括表皮明显增厚、角质细胞分化异常和红细胞渗漏。髓过氧化物酶阳性细胞增多、肿瘤坏死因子-α表达升高证实了炎症,而 CD31 和五胜肽 3 阳性细胞则表明血管内皮受损。细菌定量结果显示,各组间无明显差异。包括组织学变化和炎症在内的 IAD 样皮肤变化被认为是由细菌改变尿液性质引起的。本研究提出了一种新的动物模型,用于评估吸水垫在控制细菌尿的尿液性质方面对预防 IAD 的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
NEDD4L Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Keloid Fibroblasts by Regulating YY1 Ubiquitination-Mediated Glycolytic Metabolic Reprogramming NEDD4L通过调节YY1泛素化介导的糖酵解代谢重编程抑制瘢痕成纤维细胞的增殖和迁移
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70008
Jun Jin, Kai Wang, Chenxi Lu, Chenghao Yao, Feng Xie

Keloid scarring is a complex fibroproliferative disorder characterised by excessive fibroblast proliferation. Inhibition of cellular glycolysis effectively suppresses the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts (KFs). Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4-like (NEDD4L), a ubiquitin ligase, regulates cell proliferation in different diseases. This study investigated the effects of NEDD4L on glucose metabolism, proliferation and migration in KFs. Primary KFs were isolated from keloid skin tissues obtained from patients with active-stage keloids. Cell transfection was used to upregulate or downregulate NEDD4L and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in KFs. Protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The viability, proliferative capacity and migration ability of KFs were evaluated using the MTT method and the EdU and wound healing assays, respectively. The regulatory effect of NEDD4L on YY1 ubiquitination was examined by coimmunoprecipitation. The interaction between YY1 and hexokinase 2 (HK2) was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. NEDD4L was downregulated, whereas YY1 and HK2 were highly expressed in keloid tissues compared with normal skin. Overexpression of NEDD4L inhibited the proliferation and migration of KFs. NEDD4L promoted YY1 degradation in KFs by inducing its ubiquitination. Upregulation of YY1 induced glucose consumption and lactate production in KFs via the transcriptional regulation of HK2. Increased expression of YY1 reversed the reduced viability, proliferation, and migration of KFs overexpressing NEDD4L. YY1 also reversed the NEDD4L-induced inhibition of glucose consumption and lactate production in KFs. Additionally, an in vivo study confirmed the inhibitory roles of NEDD4L overexpression and YY1 knockdown in keloid formation. NEDD4L suppressed the viability, proliferation and migration of KFs by regulating YY1 ubiquitination-mediated glycolysis through HK2. These findings suggest a novel regulatory axis, NEDD4L/YY1/HK2, that mediates glucose metabolism in keloid formation.

瘢痕疙瘩是一种复杂的纤维增生性疾病,其特点是成纤维细胞过度增殖。抑制细胞糖酵解可有效抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞(KFs)的增殖。神经前体细胞表达的发育下调基因4样(NEDD4L)是一种泛素连接酶,在不同疾病中调节细胞增殖。本研究探讨了 NEDD4L 对 KFs 糖代谢、增殖和迁移的影响。从活动期瘢痕疙瘩患者的瘢痕疙瘩皮肤组织中分离出原代KFs。利用细胞转染技术上调或下调 KFs 中的 NEDD4L 和阴阳 1(YY1)。蛋白表达通过免疫组织化学和免疫印迹法进行评估。分别用 MTT 法、EdU 法和伤口愈合法评估了 KFs 的活力、增殖能力和迁移能力。共沉淀法检测了NEDD4L对YY1泛素化的调控作用。双荧光素酶报告实验证实了 YY1 与己糖激酶 2(HK2)之间的相互作用。与正常皮肤相比,瘢痕疙瘩组织中NEDD4L下调,而YY1和HK2高表达。过表达 NEDD4L 可抑制 KFs 的增殖和迁移。NEDD4L通过诱导YY1的泛素化促进其在KFs中降解。YY1的上调通过转录调控HK2诱导KFs的葡萄糖消耗和乳酸生成。YY1表达量的增加逆转了过表达NEDD4L的KFs活力、增殖和迁移能力的降低。YY1 还能逆转 NEDD4L 诱导的对 KFs 葡萄糖消耗和乳酸生成的抑制。此外,一项体内研究证实了 NEDD4L 过表达和 YY1 敲除对瘢痕疙瘩形成的抑制作用。NEDD4L通过HK2调节YY1泛素化介导的糖酵解,从而抑制了KFs的活力、增殖和迁移。这些研究结果表明,NEDD4L/YY1/HK2这一新型调控轴介导了瘢痕疙瘩形成过程中的糖代谢。
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引用次数: 0
Dysregulation of Regulatory T Cells and Autoimmune Sequelae in DRESS: Insights From Flow Cytometry and NanoString Analysis DRESS 中调节性 T 细胞的失调与自身免疫后遗症:流式细胞仪和 NanoString 分析的启示
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70007
Suparada Khanaruksombat, Supranee Buranapraditkul, Pattarawat Thantiworasit, Nithikan Suthumchai, Pawinee Rerknimitr, Rangsima Reantragoon, Jettanong Klaewsongkram

Drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are severe cutaneous adverse hypersensitivity reactions with distinct clinical manifestations. Regulatory T (Treg) cells may behave differently in these syndromes, contributing to their diverse clinical features and outcomes. This study compared Treg dynamics between DRESS and SJS/TEN patients during the acute and recovery phases. Flow cytometry quantitatively analysed and defined the immunophenotype of CD4+CD25+CD127FoxP3+ Tregs in blood from DRESS and SJS/TEN patients indicated that Treg percentages were lowest in DRESS patients during the acute phase compared to those in the recovery phase in DRESS patients and the acute phase in SJS/TEN patients. During the acute phase, CTLA-4 expression in Tregs in both DRESS patients with and without autoimmune sequelae was significantly increased, while only DRESS patients without autoimmune sequelae had elevated OX40 expression compared to the healthy controls. High IL-10 expression in Tregs during the acute phase in SJS/TEN patients was also observed. The suppressive function of Tregs was lower in DRESS compared to SJS/TEN, which was determined using a suppression assay by co-culturing autologous Treg and effector T cells. Furthermore, NanoString technology explored mRNA profiles in Tregs. Genes associated with the JAK/STAT pathway were found to be downregulated during the acute phase in DRESS patients who later developed autoimmune sequelae. Our findings evidenced impaired Treg function in DRESS compared to SJS/TEN. The early disturbance of the JAK/STAT pathway may serve as a prognostic marker for autoimmune development in DRESS patients.

伴有嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状的药物反应(DRESS)和史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征/毒性表皮坏死(SJS/TEN)是严重的皮肤超敏反应,具有不同的临床表现。调节性 T(Treg)细胞在这些综合征中的表现可能不同,从而导致了它们不同的临床特征和结果。本研究比较了 DRESS 和 SJS/TEN 患者在急性期和恢复期的 Treg 动态。流式细胞术定量分析并定义了 DRESS 和 SJS/TEN 患者血液中 CD4+CD25+CD127-FoxP3+ Tregs 的免疫表型,结果显示,与 DRESS 患者恢复期和 SJS/TEN 患者急性期相比,DRESS 患者急性期的 Treg 百分比最低。在急性期,伴有和不伴有自身免疫后遗症的DRESS患者Tregs中的CTLA-4表达均显著增加,而与健康对照组相比,只有不伴有自身免疫后遗症的DRESS患者的OX40表达升高。在SJS/TEN患者的急性期,还观察到Tregs中IL-10的高表达。与SJS/TEN相比,DRESS患者Tregs的抑制功能较低,这是通过自体Treg和效应T细胞共培养的抑制试验确定的。此外,NanoString 技术还检测了 Tregs 的 mRNA 图谱。研究发现,与JAK/STAT通路相关的基因在DRESS患者的急性期被下调,这些患者后来出现了自身免疫后遗症。我们的研究结果表明,与SJS/TEN相比,DRESS患者的Treg功能受损。JAK/STAT通路的早期紊乱可作为DRESS患者自身免疫发展的预后标志。
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引用次数: 0
Real-World Experience of 3-Year Treatment With Dupilumab: Significant Decrease in Circulating Neutrophils and Eosinophils in Japanese Patients With Atopic Dermatitis 杜匹单抗三年治疗的真实世界经验:日本特应性皮炎患者循环中的中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞显著减少。
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70010
Hideyuki Nakajima, Masahiro Kamata, Yoshiki Okada, Shoya Suzuki, Makoto Ito, Ayu Watanabe, Shota Egawa, Chika Chijiwa, Azusa Hiura, Yayoi Tomura, Saki Fukaya, Kotaro Hayashi, Atsuko Fukuyasu, Takamitsu Tanaka, Takeko Ishikawa, Yayoi Tada

Dupilumab, an anti-interleukin (IL)-4 receptor α-antibody, was approved in 2018 for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japan. Although real-world data have accumulated on the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in patients with AD in the short term, real-world data on its long-term use are limited. In this study, we retrospectively investigated its effectiveness, safety and laboratory data in patients with AD who received dupilumab for 3 years. All adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD who were administered dupilumab between June 2018 and December 2020 and were treated with dupilumab for more than 3 years were included in this study. Sixty Japanese patients with AD (male, 48; female, 12) were included in this study. Their mean age was 36.6 ± 11.0 (standard deviation) years. The mean Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) was 29.9 ± 9.2. The clinical severity scales, including Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), EASI and affected body surface area (BSA), and patient-reported outcomes, such as Dermatology Quality Life Index (DLQI), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) and visual analogue scale (VAS) of pruritus, significantly improved at 3 months, and at 1, 2 and 3 years after initiating dupilumab. The total EASI score significantly decreased by a mean of 66.8% at 3 months, 81.0% at 1 year, 85.3% at 2 years and 90.0% at 3 years after initiating dupilumab. The serum levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), immunoglobulin E (IgE) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) significantly decreased at 1, 2 and 3 years. A slight decrease in circulating neutrophils was observed in patients with AD treated with dupilumab over periods from 3 months to 3 years. The number of circulating eosinophils significantly decreased at 2 and 3 years after initiating dupilumab. The most common adverse event was ocular disorders observed in 23 patients (38.3%). Our study shows the sustained effectiveness and tolerable safety of 3-year usage of dupilumab in Japanese patients with atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, dupilumab decreased neutrophil values at 3 months and later, and reduced the number of circulating eosinophils after long-term use (≧ 2 years).

Dupilumab是一种抗白细胞介素(IL)-4受体α抗体,2018年在日本获批用于治疗中重度特应性皮炎(AD)。尽管已积累了有关杜必鲁单抗对 AD 患者短期疗效和安全性的真实世界数据,但有关其长期使用的真实世界数据却很有限。在这项研究中,我们回顾性地调查了接受杜比鲁单抗治疗 3 年的 AD 患者的有效性、安全性和实验室数据。本研究纳入了所有在 2018 年 6 月至 2020 年 12 月期间接受过杜比单抗治疗且治疗时间超过 3 年的中重度 AD 成年患者。本研究共纳入 60 名日本 AD 患者(男性 48 名;女性 12 名)。他们的平均年龄为 36.6 ± 11.0(标准差)岁。湿疹面积和严重程度指数(EASI)的平均值为(29.9 ± 9.2)。临床严重程度量表,包括研究者总体评估(IGA)、EASI和受累体表面积(BSA),以及患者报告结果,如皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)、患者导向湿疹测量法(POEM)和瘙痒视觉模拟量表(VAS),在使用杜匹单抗3个月、1年、2年和3年后均有显著改善。开始使用杜比鲁单抗后,EASI 总分在 3 个月时平均下降了 66.8%,在 1 年时下降了 81.0%,在 2 年时下降了 85.3%,在 3 年时下降了 90.0%。胸腺和活化调节趋化因子(TARC)、免疫球蛋白 E(IgE)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的血清水平在 1 年、2 年和 3 年时显著下降。接受杜匹单抗治疗的 AD 患者在 3 个月至 3 年期间的循环中性粒细胞数量略有下降。循环中的嗜酸性粒细胞数量在开始使用杜比鲁单抗后的2年和3年明显减少。最常见的不良反应是23名患者(38.3%)出现眼部疾病。我们的研究表明,在日本特应性皮炎患者中使用 3 年的杜比鲁单抗具有持续有效性和可耐受的安全性。此外,在长期使用(≧ 2 年)后,杜匹鲁单抗可降低 3 个月及以后的中性粒细胞值,并减少循环中嗜酸性粒细胞的数量。
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引用次数: 0
Disabled 2 (Dab2) Regulates Tumour Progression in Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 禁用 2 (Dab2) 调节皮肤鳞状细胞癌的肿瘤进展。
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70009
Sayoni Roy, Darshan Mehta, Suruchi Sawant, Sanjeev K Waghmare

Dab2 is an endocytic adaptor protein involved in various physiological processes and signaling pathways. Dab2 is deregulated in various cancers; however, its role in skin squamous cell carcinoma ( SCC) has not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we used the DMBA/TPA induced murine skin carcinogenesis model to examine the role of Dab2 in skin tumour progression. We generated tamoxifen inducible Dab2 conditional knockout system for our study. Loss of Dab2 led to delayed papilloma initiation and reduced papilloma burden. Delayed papilloma initiation was due to reduce proliferative potential of the papillomas due to Dab2 loss. Furthermore, while the WT papillomas progressed to SCC, the papillomas formed in Dab2 cKO mice failed to undergo malignant conversion to SCC. Dab2 cKO tumours showed reduced expression of K8, a marker for aggressive tumour. Moreover, Dab2 ckO tumours failed to undergo EMT as shown by reduced expression of Vimentin and Twist1. Dab2 cKO tumours also showed reduced expression of Sox2, a stem cell marker. Furthermore, qPCR analysis showed upregulation of Dab2 expression in the human skin cancer cell lines as compared to normal human skin keratinocytes. In patients, TCGA data analysis of skin cancer melanoma (SKCM) showed a trend where high levels of Dab2 correlated with poor overall survival. The present study shows that Dab2 promotes tumour progression in skin SCC.

Dab2是一种内细胞适配蛋白,参与多种生理过程和信号通路。Dab2在多种癌症中的表达均出现失调,但它在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(SCC)中的作用尚未阐明。在本研究中,我们利用 DMBA/TPA 诱导的小鼠皮肤癌模型来研究 Dab2 在皮肤肿瘤进展中的作用。我们在研究中产生了他莫昔芬诱导的 Dab2 条件性基因敲除系统。Dab2缺失导致乳头状瘤发生延迟,乳头状瘤负荷减少。乳头状瘤发生延迟的原因是Dab2缺失导致乳头状瘤的增殖潜力降低。此外,当WT乳头状瘤发展为SCC时,Dab2 cKO小鼠形成的乳头状瘤未能恶性转化为SCC。Dab2 cKO肿瘤显示侵袭性肿瘤标志物K8的表达减少。此外,Dab2 ckO 肿瘤未能发生 EMT,这表现在 Vimentin 和 Twist1 的表达减少。Dab2 cKO肿瘤还显示出干细胞标记物Sox2的表达减少。此外,qPCR分析表明,与正常人皮肤角质细胞相比,Dab2在人皮肤癌细胞系中表达上调。在患者中,皮肤癌黑色素瘤(SKCM)的 TCGA 数据分析显示了一种趋势,即高水平的 Dab2 与较差的总生存率相关。本研究表明,Dab2 会促进皮肤 SCC 的肿瘤进展。
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引用次数: 0
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Patients With Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Analysis of Demographics, Comorbidities and Healthcare Outcomes. 神经纤维瘤病 1 型癫痫患者:人口统计学、并发症和医疗结果的综合分析。
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70011
Nilesh Kodali, Audrey Terrany, Keshav D Kumar, Shae Chambers, Shivkar Amara, Robert A Schwartz

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is the most common neurocutaneous disorder in the United States. Due to a nonfunctional mutation in the NF1 gene, the disorder may initially present with café-au-lait spots and later numerous neurofibromas across the body. Epilepsy is a rare comorbidity of NF1, with an incidence of just 4%-7%. While abnormal electroencephalograms have been seen in up to 25% of NF1 patients, very few studies have investigated the association between epilepsy and the NF1 patient profile. This study was aimed at evaluating the associations between epilepsy and demographics, comorbidities and healthcare outcomes in NF1 patients. The 2017 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was retrospectively queried for patients with NF1 using ICD-10 PCS codes. Chi-square tests were used in univariable analysis to compare patients within this cohort with and without epilepsy. Regression analysis was used in multivariable analysis to identify comorbidities that were predictors of epilepsy and the effect of comorbidities on outcomes. 4635 patients with NF1 were identified, of which 655 (14.1%) had epilepsy and 3980 (85.9%) did not. The NF1 patient population with epilepsy was largely comprised of White males of lower household income in larger urban/teaching hospitals and who used Medicare or Medicaid. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that malignant brain neoplasms, paralytic ileus, scoliosis, pregnancy complications, paralysis, other neurological disorders, metastatic cancer, coagulopathy, drug abuse and hypertension were predictors of developing epilepsy in NF1 patients. Additionally, epilepsy in NF1 patients was associated with a shorter length of stay, lower total charges and fewer total procedures.

神经纤维瘤病 1 型(NF1)是美国最常见的神经皮肤疾病。由于 NF1 基因发生了非功能性突变,这种疾病最初可能表现为咖啡斑,随后全身会出现许多神经纤维瘤。癫痫是 NF1 的罕见并发症,发病率仅为 4%-7%。虽然高达 25% 的 NF1 患者会出现异常脑电图,但很少有研究调查癫痫与 NF1 患者特征之间的关联。本研究旨在评估 NF1 患者的癫痫与人口统计学、合并症和医疗结果之间的关联。研究人员使用 ICD-10 PCS 编码对 2017 年全国住院患者样本(NIS)数据库中的 NF1 患者进行了回顾性查询。在单变量分析中使用了卡方检验来比较队列中患有和不患有癫痫的患者。回归分析用于多变量分析,以确定可预测癫痫的合并症以及合并症对预后的影响。共发现4635名NF1患者,其中655人(14.1%)患有癫痫,3980人(85.9%)未患癫痫。患有癫痫的NF1患者主要是在较大的城市/教学医院就诊的家庭收入较低的白人男性,他们使用医疗保险或医疗补助。多变量逻辑回归显示,恶性脑肿瘤、麻痹性回肠炎、脊柱侧弯、妊娠并发症、瘫痪、其他神经系统疾病、转移性癌症、凝血功能障碍、药物滥用和高血压是NF1患者罹患癫痫的预测因素。此外,NF1患者的癫痫与住院时间较短、总费用较低和总手术次数较少有关。
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引用次数: 0
Skin Rejuvenation by Modulation of DNA Methylation 通过调节 DNA 甲基化实现皮肤年轻化。
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70005
Elke Grönniger, Heiner Max, Frank Lyko

Skin aging is driven by a complex set of cellular pathways. Among these, epigenetic mechanisms have garnered particular attention, because of their sensitivity to environmental and lifestyle factors. DNA methylation represents the longest known and best understood epigenetic mechanism. We explain how DNA methylation might function as an interface between the environment and the genome of human skin. Exposures to different environmental factors and lifestyles are known to modulate age-related methylation patterns, as illustrated by their effect on DNA methylation clocks. Human skin provides a particularly well-suited tissue for understanding age-related methylation changes and it has been shown recently that modulation of DNA methylation can induce skin rejuvenation. We explain how the use of mildly demethylating agents can be safeguarded to ensure the specific removal of age-related DNA methylation changes. We also identify important areas of future research, leading to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that drive epigenetic aging and to the development of further refined intervention strategies.

皮肤老化是由一系列复杂的细胞途径驱动的。其中,表观遗传机制因其对环境和生活方式因素的敏感性而受到特别关注。DNA 甲基化是已知时间最长、理解最透彻的表观遗传机制。我们将解释 DNA 甲基化是如何在环境和人类皮肤基因组之间发挥作用的。众所周知,暴露于不同的环境因素和生活方式会调节与年龄相关的甲基化模式,对 DNA 甲基化时钟的影响就说明了这一点。人类皮肤是了解与年龄相关的甲基化变化的一个特别合适的组织,最近的研究表明,调节 DNA 甲基化可诱导皮肤年轻化。我们解释了如何使用温和的去甲基化剂,以确保专门去除与年龄相关的 DNA 甲基化变化。我们还确定了未来研究的重要领域,以便更深入地了解表观遗传衰老的驱动机制,并制定进一步完善的干预策略。
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引用次数: 0
Increased Abnormal Erythrocytes Caused by Spleen Filtration Deficiency Provide a Hypoxic Environment for the Occurrence of Psoriasis 脾脏过滤功能缺陷导致异常红细胞增多,为银屑病的发生提供了缺氧环境。
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/exd.70003
Ya Zhao, Yayun Wu, Dancai Fan, Hao Deng, Lijuan Liu, Shigui Deng, Ruizhi Zhao, Chuanjian Lu

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease with a long disease course and frequent relapse characteristics. It is now recognised to be associated with epidermal environments of inflammatory cytokines. However, its pathogenesis is still not completely clear. We found the haemorheology of psoriatic patients to be abnormal, and ageing and deformed erythrocytes increased in the blood. The abnormal erythrocytes were more likely to induce psoriasis, which was confirmed in a mouse model induced by different blood components of psoriatic patients/healthy volunteers. Spleen filtration dysfunction, which caused abnormal erythrocytes, was also more likely to induce psoriasis, which was confirmed in a mouse model induced by splenectomy. The mechanism was the weakening of the ‘eat me’ function of spleen macrophages phagocytizing ageing and deformed erythrocytes, resulting in the dysfunction of spleen filtration and the increase of ageing and deformed erythrocytes in the body. Additionally, the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity and the declined antioxidant capacity of those erythrocytes led to the hypoxia environment, making psoriasis more likely to be induced. These findings demonstrate that spleen filtration dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and suggest that improving it may be an effective therapy for psoriasis and control its relapse.

银屑病是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,病程长,复发频繁。目前,人们已认识到它与表皮环境中的炎性细胞因子有关。然而,其发病机制仍不完全清楚。我们发现银屑病患者的血液流变学异常,血液中老化和畸形红细胞增多。异常红细胞更容易诱发银屑病,这一点在银屑病患者/健康志愿者不同血液成分诱导的小鼠模型中得到了证实。造成红细胞异常的脾脏过滤功能障碍也更容易诱发银屑病,这在切除脾脏诱导的小鼠模型中得到了证实。其机制是脾脏巨噬细胞吞噬老化和畸形红细胞的 "吃我 "功能减弱,导致脾脏过滤功能失调,体内老化和畸形红细胞增多。此外,这些红细胞的携氧能力下降,抗氧化能力下降,导致缺氧环境,更容易诱发牛皮癣。这些研究结果表明,脾脏滤过功能障碍是银屑病的发病机制之一,改善脾脏滤过功能可能是治疗银屑病和控制银屑病复发的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Transcriptomic analysis of genes associated with vitamin D receptor signalling reveals differences between skin cancers 与维生素 D 受体信号有关的基因转录组分析揭示了皮肤癌之间的差异。
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15160
Juliana Polizel Ocanha-Xavier, José Cândido Caldeira Xavier-Junior Jr, Hélio Amante Miot, Márcia Guimarães da Silva, Mariângela Esther Alencar Marques

Vitamin D activates the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which dimerizes preferentially with the retinoid X receptor-α (RXRα). This heterodimer connects with genetic elements responsive to vitamin D, inhibiting or stimulating gene activity. We performed Nanostring® analysis of VDR/RXRα to compare the mRNA expression of this heterodimer and their correlated transcriptomes in non-melanoma skin cancer (basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)) and melanocytic lesions (intradermal nevi (IN), and melanomas (MM)) with control skin. To evaluate VDR, RXRα and other 22 correlated genes in BCC, SCC, IN and MM, paraffin samples had their transcriptomes analysed using Nanostring®, a platform that allows multiple mRNA analyses. There were 46 samples, including 11 BCC, 10 SCC, 10 IN, 12 MM and 3 pools of control skins. Most mRNAs differed between the lesion groups and the control group. BCC and SCC NCOR2 were upregulated; in MM and IN, RXRγ was higher than in the control group. TP53, FOXO3 and MED1 showed a significant difference when we compared the BCC group to the SCC group. Melanoma and intradermal nevi differed only in AhR. VDR and RXRα were lower than the control in all groups. The panel shows a clear difference between the non-melanocytic cancers and, on the other hand, a slight difference between the melanocytic lesions. The study of vitamin D's influence through its receptor and RXRα is an exciting issue for understanding the importance of this pathway, and the present study can impact the prevention and treatment strategies, mainly in non-melanocytic tumours.

维生素 D 能激活维生素 D 受体(VDR),VDR 优先与视黄醇 X 受体-α(RXRα)二聚化。这种异源二聚体与对维生素 D 有反应的基因元件相连,抑制或刺激基因活性。我们对 VDR/RXRα 进行了 Nanostring® 分析,以比较非黑色素瘤皮肤癌(基底细胞癌 (BCC) 和鳞状细胞癌 (SCC))和黑色素细胞病变(皮内痣 (IN) 和黑色素瘤 (MM))与对照皮肤中这种异源二聚体的 mRNA 表达及其相关转录组。为了评估 BCC、SCC、IN 和 MM 中的 VDR、RXRα 和其他 22 个相关基因,使用 Nanostring®(一种可进行多种 mRNA 分析的平台)分析了石蜡样本的转录组。共有 46 个样本,包括 11 个 BCC、10 个 SCC、10 个 IN、12 个 MM 和 3 组对照皮肤。大多数 mRNA 在病变组和对照组之间存在差异。BCC和SCC的NCOR2上调;MM和IN的RXRγ高于对照组。与对照组相比,BCC 组的 TP53、FOXO3 和 MED1 有显著差异。黑色素瘤和皮内痣仅在 AhR 方面存在差异。所有组的 VDR 和 RXRα 均低于对照组。面板显示,非黑素细胞癌症之间存在明显差异,而黑素细胞病变之间则略有不同。研究维生素 D 通过其受体和 RXRα 产生的影响是一个令人兴奋的问题,有助于了解这一途径的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Oral Administration of Taurodeoxycholate, A GPCR19 Agonist, Effectively Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis in A Mouse Model 口服 GPCR19 激动剂 Taurodeoxycholate 能有效缓解小鼠模型中的特应性皮炎
IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15193
Aziz Ghaderpour, Ju-Young Jeong, Young-Jae Koh, Seung-Yong Seong

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder, characterised by intense pruritus and recurrent eczematous lesions. Recently, the US FDA has approved Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for oral treatment in AD patients. However, oral immunomodulatory agents have demonstrated adverse effects. In previous studies, we demonstrated the efficacy of topical taurodeoxycholate (TDCA), a G protein-coupled receptor 19 (GPCR19) agonist, on AD. In this study, we further evaluated the efficacy of orally administered TDCA on MC903- and dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD mouse models. Oral administration of TDCA significantly ameliorated AD symptoms and reduced both epidermal and dermal thickness. Additionally, oral TDCA treatment inhibited the infiltration of myeloid and lymphoid cells into AD lesions. TDCA also suppressed the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-33, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 in the skin and blood. Given the previously demonstrated safety profiles of TDCA, oral TDCA may offer a beneficial and safer alternative for AD patients.

特应性皮炎(AD)是最常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病,以剧烈瘙痒和反复发作的湿疹性皮损为特征。最近,美国 FDA 批准了 Janus 激酶(JAK)抑制剂用于 AD 患者的口服治疗。然而,口服免疫调节剂也有不良反应。在之前的研究中,我们证实了外用 G 蛋白偶联受体 19(GPCR19)激动剂牛磺脱氧胆酸盐(TDCA)对 AD 的疗效。在本研究中,我们进一步评估了口服 TDCA 对 MC903 和二硝基氯苯(DNCB)诱导的 AD 小鼠模型的疗效。口服 TDCA 能明显改善 AD 症状,减少表皮和真皮厚度。此外,口服 TDCA 还能抑制髓系细胞和淋巴细胞向 AD 病灶的浸润。TDCA 还能抑制皮肤和血液中胸腺基质淋巴生成素 (TSLP)、白细胞介素 (IL)-4、IL-13、IL-33、IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α) 和趋化因子 (C-C motif) 配体 17 的表达。鉴于 TDCA 先前已证实的安全性,口服 TDCA 可能会为注意力缺失症患者提供一种有益且更安全的替代疗法。
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引用次数: 0
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Experimental Dermatology
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