Shorter sleep duration and lesser sleep efficiency are associated with poorer memory functions among non-demented, middle-aged, and older rural Indians

Pooja Rai, Jonas S. Sundarakumar
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Abstract

Sleep is known to be involved in cognitive processes, such as memory encoding and consolidation, and poor sleep is a potential risk factor for dementia. This study aims to investigate the effect of sleep quality on memory functions among middle-aged and older adults from a rural Indian population. Participants were non-demented, rural Indians (≥ 45 years) from an ongoing, prospective, aging cohort study, namely Srinivaspura Aging, NeuroSenescence, and COGnition (SANSCOG) study. Cross-sectional (baseline) data on seven sleep dimensions was obtained using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Memory functions were assessed using immediate recall, delayed recall, name-face association, and semantic association from a culturally validated, computerized, neurocognitive test battery. Linear regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for cognitive status, age, sex, and depression were used to analyze the association between each sleep dimension and the memory tests. A total of 1195 participants, with a mean age of 57.10 years, were included. Out of the seven sleep dimensions of the PSQI, only two dimensions, namely sleep duration and sleep efficiency, were significantly associated with memory functions. In the fully adjusted model, shorter sleep duration was significantly associated with poorer performance in delayed recall, and lesser sleep efficiency was significantly associated with poorer delayed recall and semantic association performance. Specific sleep characteristics appear to influence memory functions in aging Indians well before the onset of dementia. In the backdrop of the non-availability of a definitive treatment for dementia, promptly identifying and addressing these problems could be an effective, community-level strategy for preventing dementia.
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睡眠时间较短和睡眠效率较低与非痴呆、中年和老年农村印第安人的记忆功能较差有关
众所周知,睡眠参与记忆编码和巩固等认知过程,而睡眠质量差是痴呆症的潜在风险因素。本研究旨在调查睡眠质量对印度农村地区中老年人记忆功能的影响。 参与者为非痴呆的印度农村人口(≥ 45 岁),他们来自一项正在进行的前瞻性老龄化队列研究,即 Srinivaspura Aging, NeuroSenescence, and COGnition (SANSCOG) 研究。研究人员使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)获得了七个睡眠维度的横断面(基线)数据。记忆功能采用经文化验证的计算机化神经认知测试电池中的即时回忆、延迟回忆、姓名-面部联想和语义联想进行评估。采用线性回归模型(未经调整或根据认知状况、年龄、性别和抑郁程度进行调整)分析各睡眠维度与记忆测试之间的关联。 研究共纳入了 1195 名参与者,平均年龄为 57.10 岁。在 PSQI 的七个睡眠维度中,只有睡眠时间和睡眠效率这两个维度与记忆功能有显著相关性。在完全调整模型中,较短的睡眠时间与较差的延迟回忆能力明显相关,而较低的睡眠效率与较差的延迟回忆能力和语义联想能力明显相关。 特定的睡眠特征似乎早在老年痴呆症发生之前就会影响老龄印第安人的记忆功能。在痴呆症尚无确切治疗方法的背景下,及时发现并解决这些问题可能是预防痴呆症的有效社区策略。
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