An adapted transdiagnostic sleep and circadian intervention (TranS-C) for adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health: Pilot study results

Abstract

This single-arm, mixed-methods, pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an adapted version of the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) on multidimensional sleep health (MDSH) in a sample of adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health. Participants received up to eight, weekly, remotely-delivered, tailored TranS-C sessions. At pre- and post-intervention, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and 7 days of Fitbit data were used to evaluate changes in sleep dimensions (regularity, alertness, timing, satisfaction, duration, efficiency) and the composite MDSH score. Study feasibility examined recruitment, data collection, and intervention engagement (completion of core TranS-C sessions). Acceptability of the intervention was assessed with semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using thematic analysis. From 85 referrals, 11 individuals were eligible, and 10 completed the study. All intervention participants completed the measures needed to calculate their composite MDSH score and completed the core intervention sessions. Themes from interviews support the intervention’s remote delivery approach, applicability of the information provided, and impact on self-reported health. The intervention resulted in a large improvement in the mean composite MDSH score (Cohen’s d=1.17). Small to large effects were also observed for individual sleep health dimensions except for timing. Adapted TranS-C is acceptable for adults with excess weight and suboptimal sleep health and may be effective at improving short-term MDSH. With changes to recruitment methods, a larger study is feasible. Limitations include the small sample size and the lack of a control condition.