Standardization and selection of organic solvent and extraction parameters for charantin in bitter gourd (Momordica charantin L.) fruits 

Gajanan J. Solunke, ARUNAVA DAS
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Abstract

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L. Cucurbitaceae) is an important vegetable and medicinal crop that is grown in several tropical countries such as India, China, Malaysia, Bangladesh, part of Africa, Central North America, South North Asia, Singapore, Japan, and Vietnam. It is also used as raw fruit juice for cooking fruits and vegetable dishes. The fruits, leaves, and seeds of this plant contain charantins, which are insulin-like compounds. Therefore, it is essential to develop nutrient-rich extracts that are more effective for diabetes. Ethanol and methanol are edible solvents that enable the preparation of charantin-rich extracts. Experiments were conducted on charantin extraction using ethanol and methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus. The study concluded that methanol is a better solvent for the production of charantin-rich extracts. Methanolic extracts had fewer impurities, less chlorophyll interference in the analysis, and better peak strength. The results of the study showed that there was 380–990 ug/g dry fruit powder dry weight content of charantin-level expression in fruit dried powder in methanolic extract, compared with ethanolic extract, which was 200–700 ug/g dry weight. The data show the significance of the use of methanol for bitter gourd charantin extraction.
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苦瓜(Momordica charantin L.)果实中茶黄素的有机溶剂和提取参数的标准化与选择
苦瓜(Momordica charantia L. Cucurbitaceae)是一种重要的蔬菜和药用作物,种植于多个热带国家,如印度、中国、马来西亚、孟加拉国、非洲部分地区、北美中部、北亚南部、新加坡、日本和越南。它还被用作烹饪水果和蔬菜菜肴的生果汁。这种植物的果实、叶子和种子含有胰岛素样化合物 charantins。因此,开发对糖尿病更有效的营养丰富的提取物至关重要。乙醇和甲醇是可食用的溶剂,可用于制备富含木犀草素的提取物。研究人员在索氏提取器中使用乙醇和甲醇进行了木质素提取实验。研究得出结论,甲醇是生产富含木姜子素提取物的更好溶剂。甲醇提取物的杂质更少,叶绿素对分析的干扰更小,峰强度更好。研究结果表明,在甲醇提取物中,干果粉干重中木质素水平的表达含量为 380-990 微克/克,而乙醇提取物为 200-700 微克/克。数据表明,使用甲醇提取苦瓜木质素具有重要意义。
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