Study of the luminescence mechanism of gadolinium and yttrium oxide hosts for Eu3+ rare earth ion synthesized by sol-gel method assisted with oleic acid
Edgar F. Armendáriz-Alonso, O. Meza, E. G. Villabona-Leal, Elías Pérez
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Abstract
Yttrium and gadolinium oxides doped with Eu3+ ions were synthesized using the sol-gel method, which was assisted with oleic acid as a surface-directing agent. Their morphology and structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Yttrium oxide synthesized phosphors exhibited well-defined facets and good dispersion, while gadolinium oxide particles presented high coalescence. Moreover, all synthesized materials showed a cubic structure. A formation mechanism was proposed using the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, where the as-precipitated phosphors transformations from oxo-hydroxide to crystalline yttrium and gadolinium oxides were observed. In addition, a surface modification of particles was produced by the synthesis method. On the other hand, luminescence analyses showed a strong emission peak at 612 nm in both oxides, and it was found that gadolinium oxide was the most effective host for luminescence emission. This matrix required a smaller dopant content to reach its maximum luminescence emission and exhibited the highest theoretical quantum efficiency. Also, color purity was evaluated using the CIE 1931 coordinate system, where x coordinate was found to increase as a function of dopant content indicating a higher perception of red color for gadolinium oxide matrix. Finally, energy diagrams and rate equations were proposed to explain their energy transfer mechanisms.
期刊介绍：
The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.
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