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The effect on zirconyl type salt on the phase composition, particle size and sinterability of zirconia based powders obtained via reversed co-precipitation
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06676-x
Tatiana E. Lomakina, Yaroslav V. Konakov, Ivan Yu. Archakov, Olga Yu. Kurapova, Vladimir G. Konakov

Stabilized zirconia is a structural ceramics being of high interest due to large area of applications in industry. Zirconia ceramics is widely used in the fields of hydrogen energy, high temperature oxygen sensing, biomedical applications due to the unique combination of high oxygen-ion conductivity, strength, fracture toughness, and low thermal conductivity. Despite the variety of techniques is available for zirconia powders manufacturing, there is a need for nanosized powders with the controlled particle size distribution and high sinterability. The work aims the study of the nature of the zirconyl salt (nitrate and chloride) on the phase composition, particle size, and crystallization temperatures and enthalpies of the zirconia powders produced via sol-gel synthesis in a variation of the co-precipitation. The undoped zirconia, 4 and 8 mol.% yttria stabilized zirconia (4YSZ and 8YSZ) were studied. Special attention is paid to the differences in the hydrolysis and precipitation behavior taking place during sol-gel synthesis from zirconyl nitrate and chloride salts. The annealing of 4YSZ powder performed in the range 650–1100 °C for 3 h showed the stability of the tetragonal phase. The powders manufactured via the sol-gel method demonstrated excellent sinterability during spark plasma sintering (SPS) compared to the SPS-ed commercial zirconia powders. Undoped zirconia ceramics SPS-ed at 1450 °C for 1 h showed relative density over 99% and Vickers hardness of 730 ± 80 HV0.3, while the ceramics SPS-ed from Tosoh powders at the same conditions showed relative density of 98.2% and Vickers hardness of 280 ± 6 HV0.3.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0
Solvent engineering of SnO2 ETL for enhanced performance of carbon-based CsPbIBr2 PSCs
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06680-1
Tianheng Du, Liguo Jin

This study thoroughly investigates the effects of different solvent engineering strategies on the structure and properties of SnO2 electron transport layers (ETLs) and evaluates their performance-enhancing effects on carbon-based all-inorganic CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By comparing the SnO2 ETLs prepared with ethanol (ET-SnO2) and isopropanol (IPA-SnO2) solvents and constructing corresponding CsPbIBr2 PSCs devices, we comprehensively analysed the structure, morphology, wettability, light transmittance and electronic transport properties of the SnO2 ETLs using characterization methods such as XRD, SEM, contact angle measurement, transmission spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Combined with the J-V characteristics of the device, we revealed the mechanism of the effect of solvent engineering on the performance of PSCs. The results showed that IPA-SnO2 exhibited better performance with lower contact angle and higher compactness, which is conducive to electron transport and reduces interfacial defects. IPA-SnO2 also promoted the growth of CsPbIBr2 crystals, forming larger and denser crystal structures and reducing pinhole defects. In addition, IPA-SnO2 improves the light transmittance of the FTO substrate and the light absorption of the CsPbIBr2 film, thereby increasing the light trapping efficiency. Finally, the IPA-SnO2-based PSCs achieved a PCE of 5.95%, an improvement of 25% compared to ET-SnO2, demonstrating good application prospects. This study provides an important experimental basis for optimizing the preparation process of SnO2 ETL and improving the performance of carbon-based CsPbIBr2 PSCs.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Solvent engineering of SnO2 ETL for enhanced performance of carbon-based CsPbIBr2 PSCs","authors":"Tianheng Du,&nbsp;Liguo Jin","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06680-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06680-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study thoroughly investigates the effects of different solvent engineering strategies on the structure and properties of SnO<sub>2</sub> electron transport layers (ETLs) and evaluates their performance-enhancing effects on carbon-based all-inorganic CsPbIBr<sub>2</sub> perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By comparing the SnO<sub>2</sub> ETLs prepared with ethanol (ET-SnO<sub>2</sub>) and isopropanol (IPA-SnO<sub>2</sub>) solvents and constructing corresponding CsPbIBr<sub>2</sub> PSCs devices, we comprehensively analysed the structure, morphology, wettability, light transmittance and electronic transport properties of the SnO<sub>2</sub> ETLs using characterization methods such as XRD, SEM, contact angle measurement, transmission spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Combined with the J-V characteristics of the device, we revealed the mechanism of the effect of solvent engineering on the performance of PSCs. The results showed that IPA-SnO<sub>2</sub> exhibited better performance with lower contact angle and higher compactness, which is conducive to electron transport and reduces interfacial defects. IPA-SnO<sub>2</sub> also promoted the growth of CsPbIBr<sub>2</sub> crystals, forming larger and denser crystal structures and reducing pinhole defects. In addition, IPA-SnO<sub>2</sub> improves the light transmittance of the FTO substrate and the light absorption of the CsPbIBr<sub>2</sub> film, thereby increasing the light trapping efficiency. Finally, the IPA-SnO<sub>2</sub>-based PSCs achieved a PCE of 5.95%, an improvement of 25% compared to ET-SnO<sub>2</sub>, demonstrating good application prospects. This study provides an important experimental basis for optimizing the preparation process of SnO<sub>2</sub> ETL and improving the performance of carbon-based CsPbIBr<sub>2</sub> PSCs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"942 - 951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Density functional theory studies on the reaction mechanism of alumina synthesis with a new sol-gel routine
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06584-6
Xianbo Liu, Hongjie Bai, Zhengshang Wang, Wen Cui, Hang Chen, Feng Wang, Xudong Cui

Alumina is a widely used advanced ceramic material whose properties depend on the particle size, porosity and purity of the ceramic. Powder with high quality is the key to get high performance alumina. Among those powder synthesis methods, the sol-gel method is considered to be a good route to get high quality powders. However, the existing sol-gel methods for preparing alumina still have some disadvantages, such as complicated process and high production cost of the raw material (aluminum alkoxide). With the assistance of density functional theory, we aim to explain the reaction mechanism of alumina powder synthesis by an improved sol-gel routine. This is expected to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages. In this study, the hydrolysis-polymerization mechanism of tris(dimethylamino)aluminum (Al(NMe2)3) monomer and dimer were investigated at the level of B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311G(d,p) using Gaussian16 software. It provides a theoretical guidance for experimental studies on the synthesis of alumina powders. The results show that the hydrolysis reaction of Al(NMe2)3 monomer is completed in three steps, all of which are spontaneous and can occur rapidly. The calculated polymerization reaction is also spontaneous, but the depolymerization reaction can hardly occur due to the high energy barrier. The hydrolysis of the dimer is finished in six steps, all of which are spontaneous, including the calculated polymerization reaction. Our studies show that the hydrolysis-polymerization reaction of Al(NMe2)3 dimer is theoretically feasible and can be used to prepare alumina. In addition, alumina powder was synthesized using above method, verified the feasibility of it.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Density functional theory studies on the reaction mechanism of alumina synthesis with a new sol-gel routine","authors":"Xianbo Liu,&nbsp;Hongjie Bai,&nbsp;Zhengshang Wang,&nbsp;Wen Cui,&nbsp;Hang Chen,&nbsp;Feng Wang,&nbsp;Xudong Cui","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06584-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06584-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alumina is a widely used advanced ceramic material whose properties depend on the particle size, porosity and purity of the ceramic. Powder with high quality is the key to get high performance alumina. Among those powder synthesis methods, the sol-gel method is considered to be a good route to get high quality powders. However, the existing sol-gel methods for preparing alumina still have some disadvantages, such as complicated process and high production cost of the raw material (aluminum alkoxide). With the assistance of density functional theory, we aim to explain the reaction mechanism of alumina powder synthesis by an improved sol-gel routine. This is expected to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages. In this study, the hydrolysis-polymerization mechanism of tris(dimethylamino)aluminum (Al(NMe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>) monomer and dimer were investigated at the level of B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311G(d,p) using Gaussian16 software. It provides a theoretical guidance for experimental studies on the synthesis of alumina powders. The results show that the hydrolysis reaction of Al(NMe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub> monomer is completed in three steps, all of which are spontaneous and can occur rapidly. The calculated polymerization reaction is also spontaneous, but the depolymerization reaction can hardly occur due to the high energy barrier. The hydrolysis of the dimer is finished in six steps, all of which are spontaneous, including the calculated polymerization reaction. Our studies show that the hydrolysis-polymerization reaction of Al(NMe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub> dimer is theoretically feasible and can be used to prepare alumina. In addition, alumina powder was synthesized using above method, verified the feasibility of it.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"910 - 925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of two novel supramolecular metallogels of Mn(II) and Zn(II)-ion derived from L-(+) tartaric acid for fabricating light responsive junction type semiconducting diodes with non-ohmic conduction mechanism
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06673-0
Subhendu Dhibar, Arka Dey, Bijnaneswar Mondal, Kripasindhu Karmakar, Arpita Roy, Subham Bhattacharjee, Aditi Trivedi, Aiswarya Mohan, Ratnakar Saha, Priyajit Chatterjee, Aniruddha Mondal, Timothy O. Ajiboye, Bidyut Saha

A rapid development strategy was successfully implemented to create a suEPSR111459pramolecular metallogel comprising Mn(II) (referred to as MnA-TA) and Zn(II) (referred to as ZnA-TA) ions. These gels were formed using L-(+)-tartaric acid as a low molecular weight gelator in DMF medium at ambient conditions. Rheological analysis was employed to assess the mechanical stability of the synthesized MnA-TA and ZnA-TA metallogel. The results of the analysis revealed the gel’s impressive resilience when subjected to various angular frequencies and levels of oscillator stress. The exploration of MnA-TA and ZnA-TA metallogel’s distinct morphological patterns was conducted using FESEM images. FESEM analysis revealed that MnA-TA metallogel exhibited a flake-like hierarchical network structure, while ZnA-TA metallogel demonstrated a diamond-shaped architecture. EDX analysis was utilized for elemental mapping, confirming the presence of primary chemical constituents in the metallogels. The formation strategy and nature of the gel materials were examined through FT-IR spectroscopy and PXRD analysis. The synthesized metallogels exhibited semiconducting properties, as confirmed by optical band-gap measurements. Furthermore, a metal-semiconductor junction-based device was successfully fabricated by combining Al metal with Mn(II)- and Zn(II)-metallogels. The device displayed nonlinear charge transport behavior, resembling that of a Schottky diode, as evidenced by its I-V characteristic. This indicates the potential use of the sandwich-like configuration of ITO/MnA-TA metallogel/Al and ITO/ZnA-TA metallogel/Al in the development of advanced electronic devices based on supramolecular Mn(II)- and Zn(II)-metallogels. Notably, the direct utilization of tartaric acid and Mn(II)/Zn(II) sources in the MnA-TA and ZnA-TA metallogels presents an innovative approach, highlighting their suitability as semiconducting materials for device fabrication. This study delves into the multifunctional applications of MnA-TA and ZnA-TA metallogels, providing valuable insights for researchers in the field of material science.

Graphical Abstract

Derived from a low molecular weight gelator tartaric acid, supramolecular metallogels composed of Mn(II)- and Zn(II)-ions demonstrate remarkable stability at room temperature offer promising prospects for integration into electronic devices, specifically Schottky barrier diodes, operating effectively at room temperature.

我们成功实施了一项快速开发战略,制造出一种由 Mn(II)(简称 MnA-TA)和 Zn(II)(简称 ZnA-TA)离子组成的 suEPSR111459 分子金属凝胶。这些凝胶是在 DMF 介质中以 L-(+)- 酒石酸作为低分子量凝胶剂在环境条件下形成的。流变分析用于评估合成的 MnA-TA 和 ZnA-TA 金属凝胶的机械稳定性。分析结果表明,凝胶在受到各种角频率和振荡器应力水平的作用时,具有令人印象深刻的韧性。利用 FESEM 图像探索了 MnA-TA 和 ZnA-TA 金属凝胶的独特形态。FESEM 分析表明,MnA-TA 金属凝胶呈现出片状分层网络结构,而 ZnA-TA 金属凝胶则呈现出菱形结构。利用 EDX 分析绘制了元素图谱,证实了金属凝胶中主要化学成分的存在。傅立叶变换红外光谱和 PXRD 分析检验了凝胶材料的形成策略和性质。经光学带隙测量证实,合成的金属凝胶具有半导体特性。此外,通过将 Al 金属与 Mn(II)- 和 Zn(II)- 金属凝胶结合,成功制备了基于金属半导体结的器件。该器件显示出非线性电荷传输行为,与其 I-V 特性类似于肖特基二极管。这表明,ITO/MnA-TA 金属凝胶/Al 和 ITO/ZnA-TA 金属凝胶/Al 的夹层结构在开发基于超分子 Mn(II)- 和 Zn(II)- 金属凝胶的先进电子器件中具有潜在的用途。值得注意的是,在 MnA-TA 和 ZnA-TA 金属凝胶中直接利用酒石酸和 Mn(II)/Zn(II)源提供了一种创新方法,突出了它们作为半导体材料在器件制造中的适用性。该研究深入探讨了 MnA-TA 和 ZnA-TA 金属凝胶的多功能应用,为材料科学领域的研究人员提供了有价值的见解。图解 摘要由低分子量凝胶剂酒石酸衍生而来的 Mn(II)- 和 Zn(II)- 离子组成的超分子金属凝胶在室温下表现出显著的稳定性,为集成到电子器件(特别是在室温下有效工作的肖特基势垒二极管)中提供了广阔的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the ZnO/CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for superior energy storage capabilities
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06671-2
C. Thirupathi, J. Bosco Franklin, J. Mohemed Ali, M. Mercy Jenifer, M. Sangamithirai, S. John Sundaram, Mir Waqas Alam, Pitcheri Rosaiah

In this study, the synthesis and electrochemical performance of a zinc oxide/copper oxide/graphitic carbon nitride ZnO/CuO/g-C₃N₄ composite for energy storage applications were investigated. The synthesis was carried out using a multi-step process, where ZnO/CuO was prepared via co-precipitation, and g-C₃N₄ was synthesized through thermal polymerization. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of metal-oxide bonds and carbon-nitrogen functional groups, verifying the successful integration of g-C₃N₄ into the ZnO/CuO system. UV-visible absorption studies exhibited a red shift and a broader absorption band in the ZnO/CuO/g-C₃N₄ composite, indicating enhanced optical properties, which are favorable for energy storage applications. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements demonstrated superior capacitance and excellent rate capability, achieving a specific capacitance of 253 F/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. The combined structural, optical, and electrochemical properties of the ZnO/CuO/g-C₃N₄ composite underscore its potential as an advanced material for energy storage applications.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Exploring the ZnO/CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for superior energy storage capabilities","authors":"C. Thirupathi,&nbsp;J. Bosco Franklin,&nbsp;J. Mohemed Ali,&nbsp;M. Mercy Jenifer,&nbsp;M. Sangamithirai,&nbsp;S. John Sundaram,&nbsp;Mir Waqas Alam,&nbsp;Pitcheri Rosaiah","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06671-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06671-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the synthesis and electrochemical performance of a zinc oxide/copper oxide/graphitic carbon nitride ZnO/CuO/g-C₃N₄ composite for energy storage applications were investigated. The synthesis was carried out using a multi-step process, where ZnO/CuO was prepared via co-precipitation, and g-C₃N₄ was synthesized through thermal polymerization. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of metal-oxide bonds and carbon-nitrogen functional groups, verifying the successful integration of g-C₃N₄ into the ZnO/CuO system. UV-visible absorption studies exhibited a red shift and a broader absorption band in the ZnO/CuO/g-C₃N₄ composite, indicating enhanced optical properties, which are favorable for energy storage applications. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements demonstrated superior capacitance and excellent rate capability, achieving a specific capacitance of 253 F/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. The combined structural, optical, and electrochemical properties of the ZnO/CuO/g-C₃N₄ composite underscore its potential as an advanced material for energy storage applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"885 - 895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesize and characterization of a novel sol–gel-driven Bi2O3 semiconductor: complete degradation and fast photocatalytic activity for paracetamol
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06668-x
Derman Akşit, Cigdem Sayil, Gülin Selda Pozan Soylu

The pollutants are getting released fluently as a waste from the pharmaceutical pollutants leading to the decrease in quality of water. The widespread occurrence of pharmaceutical pollutants poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Besides, today carbon dioxide emissions and other forms of pollution appear to be a critical global issue. In this study, Bi2O3 catalyst has been prepared via co-precipitation (CP) and a facile sol–gel (SG) methods used as photocatalyst for the degradation of paracetamol (PAR) under different light sources. The preparation method has significant effect on the optical and structural properties of the catalysts. The tetragonal phase of Bi2O3, the presence of more surface OH groups and lower band gap energy remarkably improved the sun-light-driven photoactivity of PAR. The photocatalysts have been characterized by some structural and morphological analysis techniques and optical analysis techniques. In addition, zeta potential (ZP) measurements were performed to explain the impact of the initial pH of solution on photocatalytic degradation. Identification of PAR and the reaction intermediates was determined using Liquid Chromatography-Mass/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique. Higher photocatalytic activity was obtained with the Bi2O3-SG (1:2) catalyst at pH 5 compared to the activity of Bi2O3-CP. Moreover, Bi2O3-SG (1:2) achieved the highest photocatalytic activity at pH 3. The photocatalytic activity was enhanced, and the time required for 100% degradation of PAR was reduced from 60 min to 30 min and 15 min under UVB irradiation and directly sun light irradiation, respectively. The highest reaction rate (0.086 (min−1)) were obtained in 15 min with the Bi2O3-SG (1:2) catalyst. The results showed TOC removal could be achieved in 60 min 99.19 and 88.97% for Bi2O3-SG and Bi2O3-CP, respectively. In general, sol–gel-driven Bi2O3 as a flower and needle-like morphology, can reveal excellent opportunities in the photocatalytic technology.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Synthesize and characterization of a novel sol–gel-driven Bi2O3 semiconductor: complete degradation and fast photocatalytic activity for paracetamol","authors":"Derman Akşit,&nbsp;Cigdem Sayil,&nbsp;Gülin Selda Pozan Soylu","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06668-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06668-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pollutants are getting released fluently as a waste from the pharmaceutical pollutants leading to the decrease in quality of water. The widespread occurrence of pharmaceutical pollutants poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Besides, today carbon dioxide emissions and other forms of pollution appear to be a critical global issue. In this study, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst has been prepared via co-precipitation (CP) and a facile sol–gel (SG) methods used as photocatalyst for the degradation of paracetamol (PAR) under different light sources. The preparation method has significant effect on the optical and structural properties of the catalysts. The tetragonal phase of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, the presence of more surface OH groups and lower band gap energy remarkably improved the sun-light-driven photoactivity of PAR. The photocatalysts have been characterized by some structural and morphological analysis techniques and optical analysis techniques. In addition, zeta potential (ZP) measurements were performed to explain the impact of the initial pH of solution on photocatalytic degradation. Identification of PAR and the reaction intermediates was determined using Liquid Chromatography-Mass/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique. Higher photocatalytic activity was obtained with the Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SG (1:2) catalyst at pH 5 compared to the activity of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CP. Moreover, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SG (1:2) achieved the highest photocatalytic activity at pH 3. The photocatalytic activity was enhanced, and the time required for 100% degradation of PAR was reduced from 60 min to 30 min and 15 min under UVB irradiation and directly sun light irradiation, respectively. The highest reaction rate (0.086 (min<sup>−1</sup>)) were obtained in 15 min with the Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SG (1:2) catalyst. The results showed TOC removal could be achieved in 60 min 99.19 and 88.97% for Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SG and Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CP, respectively. In general, sol–gel-driven Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as a flower and needle-like morphology, can reveal excellent opportunities in the photocatalytic technology.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"868 - 884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-025-06668-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Facile fabrication of binary metal chalcogenides (MS@NS) for supercapacitors applications via hydrothermal route
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06665-0
Muhammad Zeshan, Salma Eman, Ahmed M. Fallatah, Mohamed M. Ibrahim, Abdulraheem SA Almalki, Muhammad Aslam, Zeinhom M. El-Bahy

This work conducts an experimental comparison of various binary transition metal selenides (BTMSe’s) to discover promising materials for supercapacitor (SCs) electrodes. Researchers are currently investigating the potential of selenide-based materials and their nanostructures in the realm of energy storage devices. Although, there is limited research examining the practicality of employing BTMSe’s as electrode materials. Herein, selenide-based materials such as MnSe, NbSe2 and their nanocomposite MnSe@NbSe2 were synthesized via the hydrothermal technique. Supercapacitors (SCs) with exceptional characteristics were observed, notably outstanding cycling stability exceeding 6000th cycle, specific energy (58.72 Wh kg−1), specific power (281 Wh kg−1), and specific capacitance (Csp) of 2079 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, as indicated by thorough analysis. There is a significant consensus in material synthesis methods and a plethora of new insights into the charge-storage process in emerging capacitive electrodes for future storage devices.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Facile fabrication of binary metal chalcogenides (MS@NS) for supercapacitors applications via hydrothermal route","authors":"Muhammad Zeshan,&nbsp;Salma Eman,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Fallatah,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Ibrahim,&nbsp;Abdulraheem SA Almalki,&nbsp;Muhammad Aslam,&nbsp;Zeinhom M. El-Bahy","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06665-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06665-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work conducts an experimental comparison of various binary transition metal selenides (BTMSe’s) to discover promising materials for supercapacitor (SCs) electrodes. Researchers are currently investigating the potential of selenide-based materials and their nanostructures in the realm of energy storage devices. Although, there is limited research examining the practicality of employing BTMSe’s as electrode materials. Herein, selenide-based materials such as MnSe, NbSe<sub>2</sub> and their nanocomposite MnSe@NbSe<sub>2</sub> were synthesized via the hydrothermal technique. Supercapacitors (SCs) with exceptional characteristics were observed, notably outstanding cycling stability exceeding 6000th cycle, specific energy (58.72 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>), specific power (281 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>), and specific capacitance (<i>C</i><sub>sp</sub>) of 2079 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, as indicated by thorough analysis. There is a significant consensus in material synthesis methods and a plethora of new insights into the charge-storage process in emerging capacitive electrodes for future storage devices.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"855 - 867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of substrates on the structural, morphological, magnetic and electronic properties of V2O5 thin films
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-025-06666-z
R. S. Gupta, Sachin Pandey, A. Ghosh, S. K. Sahoo, A. Rahaman, U. K. Goutam, S. Pandey, V. R. Singh

This study highlights the influence of various substrates on the structural integrity, phase purity, morphology, composition, magnetic properties, and electronic behavior of V2O5 thin films synthesized through chemical solution methods on Si (111), ITO-coated glass, and glass substrates. The amorphous and smooth surfaces of the films were found on glass substrates, while those on ITO-coated glass and Si (111) substrates displayed a polycrystalline nature, with crystallinity increasing from ITO-coated glass to Si. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed the RMS roughness of the films, and morphology was conducted using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) and also energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping for elemental characterization. To know the functional groups present in the samples, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed. The band gap, measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy, ranged from 0.79 ± 0.01 to 0.9 ± 0.01 eV. The bulk magnetization measurements suggest that it exhibits ferromagnetic (FM) behavior with a saturation magnetization of 0.0–0.5 µB/cc. Core-level spectroscopy revealed that vanadium exists in a mixed oxidation state of 5+ and 4+. Findings from XPS, HR-SEM, and UV-Vis measurements confirm oxygen vacancies have a significant role in reducing the band gap and enhancing FM-like behavior in V2O5/Si films, which are also influenced by the films’ crystallinity and morphology. These results could pay great attention to the development of spintronic devices.

Graphical Abstract

本研究强调了不同基底对通过化学溶液法在硅 (111)、ITO 涂层玻璃和玻璃基底上合成的 V2O5 薄膜的结构完整性、相纯度、形貌、成分、磁性能和电子行为的影响。玻璃基底上的薄膜表面无定形且光滑,而 ITO 涂层玻璃和 Si (111) 基底上的薄膜则呈现多晶性质,从 ITO 涂层玻璃到 Si 的结晶度不断增加。原子力显微镜(AFM)证实了薄膜的均方根粗糙度,使用高分辨率扫描电子显微镜(HR-SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS)绘制元素表征图进行了形貌分析。为了了解样品中存在的官能团,还使用了傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)。紫外可见光谱法测量的带隙范围为 0.79 ± 0.01 至 0.9 ± 0.01 eV。体磁化测量结果表明,它具有铁磁(FM)特性,饱和磁化率为 0.0-0.5 µB/cc。芯级光谱显示,钒以 5+ 和 4+ 混合氧化态存在。XPS、HR-SEM 和 UV-Vis 测量结果证实,氧空位在减小 V2O5/Si 薄膜带隙和增强类调频行为方面起着重要作用,而这些作用还受到薄膜结晶度和形貌的影响。这些结果对开发自旋电子器件具有重要意义。
{"title":"The effects of substrates on the structural, morphological, magnetic and electronic properties of V2O5 thin films","authors":"R. S. Gupta,&nbsp;Sachin Pandey,&nbsp;A. Ghosh,&nbsp;S. K. Sahoo,&nbsp;A. Rahaman,&nbsp;U. K. Goutam,&nbsp;S. Pandey,&nbsp;V. R. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10971-025-06666-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-025-06666-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study highlights the influence of various substrates on the structural integrity, phase purity, morphology, composition, magnetic properties, and electronic behavior of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> thin films synthesized through chemical solution methods on Si (111), ITO-coated glass, and glass substrates. The amorphous and smooth surfaces of the films were found on glass substrates, while those on ITO-coated glass and Si (111) substrates displayed a polycrystalline nature, with crystallinity increasing from ITO-coated glass to Si. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed the RMS roughness of the films, and morphology was conducted using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) and also energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping for elemental characterization. To know the functional groups present in the samples, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed. The band gap, measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy, ranged from 0.79 ± 0.01 to 0.9 ± 0.01 eV. The bulk magnetization measurements suggest that it exhibits ferromagnetic (FM) behavior with a saturation magnetization of 0.0–0.5 µB/cc. Core-level spectroscopy revealed that vanadium exists in a mixed oxidation state of 5+ and 4+. Findings from XPS, HR-SEM, and UV-Vis measurements confirm oxygen vacancies have a significant role in reducing the band gap and enhancing FM-like behavior in V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/Si films, which are also influenced by the films’ crystallinity and morphology. These results could pay great attention to the development of spintronic devices.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"837 - 844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of copper sulfide nanoparticle incorporation on cost-effective carbon-based hole-transport-free perovskite solar cells
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06653-w
Mahdieh Mirzaei, Mohsen Shojaeifar, Mehdi Tajaldini

This investigation posits the development of an economically feasible graphite-based carbon electrode for use in hole transport-free perovskite solar cells. The weight ratio of graphite was systematically optimized, and the incorporation of copper sulfide nanoparticles was implemented to augment the electrical characteristics of the carbon-based electrode. Copper sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized through a hydrothermal method and subsequently combined with pre-prepared carbon paste to produce CuS-modified carbon electrodes. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibit flower-like morphologies with crystalline nanosheets measuring approximately 30 nanometers. The influence of varying doping ratios of CuS nanoparticles on the electrical properties of carbon-based hole transport-free perovskite solar cells was meticulously examined. The integration of CuS nanoparticles into the carbon electrode facilitates enhanced charge extraction, thereby resulting in increased current density within the perovskite solar cells. The suggested carbon-based hole transport-free perovskite solar cell demonstrates adequate stability over a duration exceeding one year.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Effect of copper sulfide nanoparticle incorporation on cost-effective carbon-based hole-transport-free perovskite solar cells","authors":"Mahdieh Mirzaei,&nbsp;Mohsen Shojaeifar,&nbsp;Mehdi Tajaldini","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06653-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06653-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This investigation posits the development of an economically feasible graphite-based carbon electrode for use in hole transport-free perovskite solar cells. The weight ratio of graphite was systematically optimized, and the incorporation of copper sulfide nanoparticles was implemented to augment the electrical characteristics of the carbon-based electrode. Copper sulfide nanoparticles were synthesized through a hydrothermal method and subsequently combined with pre-prepared carbon paste to produce CuS-modified carbon electrodes. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibit flower-like morphologies with crystalline nanosheets measuring approximately 30 nanometers. The influence of varying doping ratios of CuS nanoparticles on the electrical properties of carbon-based hole transport-free perovskite solar cells was meticulously examined. The integration of CuS nanoparticles into the carbon electrode facilitates enhanced charge extraction, thereby resulting in increased current density within the perovskite solar cells. The suggested carbon-based hole transport-free perovskite solar cell demonstrates adequate stability over a duration exceeding one year.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"845 - 854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Activating design of tunable CuCo2O4@NiMnO3 heterostructure towards superior oxygen evolution reaction
IF 2.3 4区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06645-w
Adel El-marghany, Muhammad Khalil, Abdul Wahab Haroon, Fawad Ahmad, Ome Parkash Kumar, Abdul Ghafoor Abid, Shahroz Saleem, Zobia Siddique

The cost-effective electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution is an essential substitute for the growing energy needs as well as to energy conversion devices. The CuCo2O4@NiMnO3 heterostructure is prepared by a one-step solvothermal method on stainless steel strip (SSS) support and was subsequently investigated for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The hydrothermally developed metallic oxide electrocatalysts were confirmed by using several techniques to investigate physical features. The integration of Cu and Co with bimetallic NiMnO3 has improved charge transfer capabilities by giving rise to active sites. The potential CuCo2O4@NiMnO3 electrocatalyst demonstrated an overpotential of 134 mV, a lowered Tafel slope of 26.17 mVdec−1, and a high turnover frequency of 0.06 s−1 at the current density of 10 mA cm−2. In addition, it shows that OER required a low operating potential of 1.48 V in 1 M KOH solution. Besides, CuCo2O4@NiMnO3 heterostructure displays optimal free energy prerequisite for reactant adsorption, a substantial electroactive surface area of 33.1 cm−2. Furthermore, it provides exceptional stability for 100 h in regulated electrolysis experiments with no discernible decrease in OER activity. This study offers a simple synthetic method for creating effective, low-cost, and binder-free electrocatalysts.

Graphical Abstract

{"title":"Activating design of tunable CuCo2O4@NiMnO3 heterostructure towards superior oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Adel El-marghany,&nbsp;Muhammad Khalil,&nbsp;Abdul Wahab Haroon,&nbsp;Fawad Ahmad,&nbsp;Ome Parkash Kumar,&nbsp;Abdul Ghafoor Abid,&nbsp;Shahroz Saleem,&nbsp;Zobia Siddique","doi":"10.1007/s10971-024-06645-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10971-024-06645-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cost-effective electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution is an essential substitute for the growing energy needs as well as to energy conversion devices. The CuCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@NiMnO<sub>3</sub> heterostructure is prepared by a one-step solvothermal method on stainless steel strip (SSS) support and was subsequently investigated for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The hydrothermally developed metallic oxide electrocatalysts were confirmed by using several techniques to investigate physical features. The integration of Cu and Co with bimetallic NiMnO<sub>3</sub> has improved charge transfer capabilities by giving rise to active sites. The potential CuCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@NiMnO<sub>3</sub> electrocatalyst demonstrated an overpotential of 134 mV, a lowered Tafel slope of 26.17 mVdec<sup>−1</sup>, and a high turnover frequency of 0.06 s<sup>−1</sup> at the current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. In addition, it shows that OER required a low operating potential of 1.48 V in 1 M KOH solution. Besides, CuCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@NiMnO<sub>3</sub> heterostructure displays optimal free energy prerequisite for reactant adsorption, a substantial electroactive surface area of 33.1 cm<sup>−2</sup>. Furthermore, it provides exceptional stability for 100 h in regulated electrolysis experiments with no discernible decrease in OER activity. This study offers a simple synthetic method for creating effective, low-cost, and binder-free electrocatalysts.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology","volume":"113 3","pages":"804 - 818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
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