Survey on Assessing Pressure Ulcer Prevalence and Impact Among Elderly Patients Transitioning from Home Care to Hospitalization Within Thiruvananthapuram City

Abstract

Pressure ulcers are a significant concern among elderly patients, especially those receiving home care. This face-to-face survey aimed to characterize the socio-demographic status, health profile, and level of risk for pressure ulcers in elderly patients within the context of home care, as well as to assess the prevalence of pressure ulcers. Data were collected through interviews using a pre-prepared questionnaire. A total of 230 participants were included in the study. The findings reveal valuable insights into the vulnerability of elderly patients in home care settings. Among the participants, 73 individuals were identified having pressure ulcers, representing approximately 31.7% of the surveyed population. This prevalence underscores the significance of pressure ulcers in this demographic and highlights the need for increased attention to prevention and care. The socio-demographic profile of the elderly patients revealed a diverse population. Age group of the participant in the survey ranged from 65 to 90 years. Mean age of the patients with pressure ulcers found to be above 75 years. The majority of participants were females (62.2%), reflecting the higher life expectancy of women in India. The health profile of the participants indicated a range of comorbidities. Diabetes, hypertension, and musculoskeletal disorders were prevalent among the elderly patients. These underlying health conditions contribute to the vulnerability of this population to pressure ulcers, as immobility and compromised circulation are common consequences. Despite the recognition of pressure ulcer risk, not all patients at risk were found to be following preventive measures properly. This underscores the importance of improved patient education and support, both during hospitalization and in the home care setting. Effective communication mechanisms between healthcare services are crucial to ensure adequate coordination and facilitate the continuity of care and patient safety. The study highlights the need for enhanced orientation and training for both patients and caregivers to mitigate the risk of pressure ulcers. In conclusion, this face-to-face survey sheds light on the socio-demographic status, health profile, and pressure ulcer risk among elderly patients receiving home care. The prevalence of pressure ulcers in this population is a cause for concern, and efforts should be directed toward better education, prevention, and coordination of care to ensure the well-being of elderly patients in the home care setting. By addressing these issues, healthcare providers can enhance patient safety and overall quality of life for this vulnerable demographic. Key words: Pressure Ulcers, Elderly Patients, Home Care, Comorbidities, Prevention