Sustainable and Novel Development of Metal Matrix Composite Using Scrap Aluminium Alloy Reinforced with Scrap Borosilicate Glass Particles by Stir Casting Technique

Abstract

This study aims to achieve a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to the development of metal matrix composites (MMCs) by utilizing locally available Scrap Aluminium Engine Heads (SAEH) as the matrix material and powdered Scrap Borosilicate Glassware (SBG) as reinforcement. The stir casting technique was employed for composite fabrication, combining the benefits of cost-effectiveness and ease of processing. The research evaluates the mechanical properties of the developed MMC, including tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness, and impact resistance. Physical properties such as density and porosity were also investigated, alongside microstructural analysis using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the composite compared to the as-cast SAEH material. The ultimate tensile strength increased from 70.3 MPa for as-cast SAEH to 117.3 MPa for SAEH reinforced with SBG. Similarly, ultimate compressive strength improved from 513.7 MPa to 700.67 MPa, and hardness increased from 32.56 HRB to 43.33 HRB. Furthermore, the impact strength showed a notable enhancement, increasing from 1.4 Joules to 1.8 Joules. Importantly, the porosity percentage decreased from 14.28% in as-cast SAEH to 9.97% in SAEH+BS composites, indicating improved material density. This research contributes to the development of sustainable MMCs using recycled materials, offering enhanced mechanical properties and reduced environmental impact, making it valuable for various engineering applications. By aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this study addresses key sustainability targets and underscores the importance of environmentally responsible materials development in advancing global sustainability efforts.