New urban spaces under Modi’s digital India – digitization of urban governance and state-citizen relationship

Falguni Mukherjee
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Abstract

Few studies have examined how Indian ULBs have responded to the government’s informationization agenda, particularly the use of geospatial technologies for urban governance. Drawing upon insights from Critical GIS, neoliberalization and governmentality studies, this article addresses this gap by examining the case of Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) and the evolution of their modernization efforts that have progressed from office automation practices to active use of GIS technology for urban governance. SMC’s regional and political environment have favored their modernization efforts. However, as ULBs are expected to manage a diverse urban population and shoulder responsibilities with fewer resources they must adapt. Surat Municipal Corporation has adapted by aligning local political agenda with national agenda and adopting a strategy that echoes the dominant political discourse of utilizing technology to govern from a distance and as a modality of biopolitics. Use of geospatial technologies serves as an important tool for the ULB to introduce new modes of bureaucratic governmentality.
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莫迪数字印度下的新城市空间--城市治理和国家与公民关系的数字化
很少有研究探讨印度的城市公共机构是如何响应政府的信息化议程的,尤其是在城市治理中使用地理空间技术。本文借鉴了批判性 GIS、新自由主义和政府性研究的观点,通过研究苏拉特市政公司(Surat Municipal Corporation,SMC)的案例及其现代化努力的演变过程(从办公自动化实践发展到在城市治理中积极使用 GIS 技术)来填补这一空白。苏拉特市政公司所处的地区和政治环境为其现代化努力提供了有利条件。然而,由于城市管理机构需要管理多样化的城市人口,并以更少的资源承担更多的责任,因此它们必须进行调整。苏拉特市政公司通过使地方政治议程与国家议程保持一致,并采取与主流政治话语相呼应的战略,即利用技术进行远距离治理,并将其作为生物政治的一种模式。地理空间技术的使用是 ULB 引入新的官僚治理模式的重要工具。
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