Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using switched beam antenna with butler matrix at mm-wave frequency

IF 2.9 4区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Nano Communication Networks Pub Date : 2024-06-09 DOI:10.1016/j.nancom.2024.100514

Mohini Narendra Naik , Hasanali Gulamali Virani

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Abstract

This paper presents a butler matrix-based microstrip hexagonal patch antenna with a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation approach for mm-wave application. The hexagonal-shaped patch antenna had been designed with a Z-shaped slot with an eight-port butler matrix. The DOA estimation is also done for the switched beam antenna using a novel direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm known as Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). The proposed design leads to significant size reduction and loss minimization. In addition to this, the design had the advantages of being low-cost, lightweight, and small-volume. The entire proposed design provides an operating frequency range of 28 GHz to 39 GHz with a center frequency of 33 GHz. The proposed work makes use of two butler matrices with two 45° phase shifters and 120° phase shifters. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and antenna design using the Butler matrix is evaluated for various performance metrics separately. The antenna is designed using Rogers RT/duroid 5880(tm) substrate, and the fabricated prototype is studied. The designed antenna attains high radiation efficiency, and it ranges between 97 and 98 % under both the measures and simulated scenarios under the operating frequency range of 28 GHz to 39 GHz.

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毫米波频率下使用带巴特勒矩阵的切换波束天线进行到达方向（DOA）估计

本文介绍了一种基于丁勒矩阵的微带六角形贴片天线，该天线采用到达方向（DOA）估计方法，适用于毫米波应用。六角形贴片天线的设计采用了带有八端口管家矩阵的 Z 形槽。此外，还使用一种称为 Cramer-Rao 下限（CRLB）的新型到达方向（DOA）估计算法，对切换波束天线进行 DOA 估计。所提出的设计大大缩小了尺寸，并使损耗最小化。除此之外，该设计还具有成本低、重量轻和体积小的优点。整个拟议设计的工作频率范围为 28 GHz 至 39 GHz，中心频率为 33 GHz。所提出的工作利用了两个管家矩阵，两个 45° 移相器和 120° 移相器。针对各种性能指标，分别评估了使用巴特勒矩阵的拟议算法和天线设计的有效性。天线的设计使用了罗杰斯 RT/duroid 5880(tm)基板，并对制作的原型进行了研究。所设计的天线具有很高的辐射效率，在 28 GHz 至 39 GHz 的工作频率范围内，测量和模拟情况下的辐射效率均在 97% 至 98% 之间。

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来源期刊

Nano Communication Networks Mathematics-Applied Mathematics

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Nano Communication Networks Journal is an international, archival and multi-disciplinary journal providing a publication vehicle for complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in all aspects of nanoscale communication and networking. Theoretical research contributions presenting new techniques, concepts or analyses; applied contributions reporting on experiences and experiments; and tutorial and survey manuscripts are published. Nano Communication Networks is a part of the COMNET (Computer Networks) family of journals within Elsevier. The family of journals covers all aspects of networking except nanonetworking, which is the scope of this journal.