Utility of customized 3D compression mask with pressure sensors on facial burn scars: A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE Burns Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2024.05.021

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Abstract

Purpose

A pressure of approximately 15–25 mmHg is used for effective compression therapy to prevent and treat hypertrophic scar formation in patients with burns. However, conventional facial compression garments present challenges owing to inadequate pressure distribution in curved areas such as the cheeks, around the mouth, and the slope of the nose. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a custom-made 3D compression mask equipped with pressure sensors to treat facial burn scars.

Methods

This single-blinded, prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted between May and October 2023, involving 48 burn scars in 12 inpatients with facial burns. We created the custom-made 3D compression mask equipped with pressure sensors, inner lined with biocompatible silicon, and a harness system using 3D printing technology, which can continuously monitor whether an appropriate pressure of 15–25 mmHg maintains. The biological scar properties, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) scores in patients with facial burns were assessed before applying the compression mask and garment and at 4 and 12 weeks after application.

Results

Pre-application assessment of biological scar properties, VSS, and POSAS revealed no statistically significant differences between the 3D mask and control groups (p > 0.05 for all). Throughout the 12-week application, skin hydration and scar thickness significantly increased (p < 0.001) and reduced (p = 0.010), respectively, in the 3D mask group compared to the control group. Additionally, significant improvements in scar pliability (p = 0.004) and height (p = 0.009) of VSS, itching (p = 0.047), scar stiffness (p = 0.001), thickness (p = 0.011), and irregularity (p < 0.001) of POSAS-patient component, and scar thickness (p = 0.001), pliability (p = 0.012), and surface area (p = 0.027) of the POSAS-observer component were observed in 3D mask group throughout the 12-week application compared to the control group.

Conclusion

The customized 3D compression mask equipped with pressure sensors significantly improved scar thickness, skin hydration, and various assessment scale parameters throughout the 12-week application.

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带压力传感器的定制 3D 压缩面罩对面部烧伤疤痕的效用：单盲随机对照试验

目的约 15-25 mmHg 的压力可用于有效的压力疗法，预防和治疗烧伤患者增生性疤痕的形成。然而，传统的面部压力服由于在脸颊、嘴角和鼻子斜坡等弯曲部位的压力分布不均而面临挑战。本研究旨在评估配备压力传感器的定制 3D 压力面罩在治疗面部烧伤疤痕方面的实用性。方法这项单盲、前瞻性随机对照试验于 2023 年 5 月至 10 月间进行，涉及 12 名面部烧伤住院患者的 48 处烧伤疤痕。我们利用三维打印技术制作了配有压力传感器的定制三维压缩面罩，内衬为生物相容性硅胶，并配有束带系统，可持续监测是否保持 15-25 mmHg 的适当压力。在使用压力面罩和服装前以及使用 4 周和 12 周后，对面部烧伤患者的生物疤痕属性、温哥华疤痕量表（VSS）以及患者和观察者疤痕评估量表（POSAS）评分进行了评估。在为期 12 周的应用过程中，与对照组相比，3D 面膜组的皮肤水合度和疤痕厚度分别明显增加（p < 0.001）和减少（p = 0.010）。此外，VSS 的疤痕柔韧性（p = 0.004）和高度（p = 0.009）、瘙痒（p = 0.047）、疤痕硬度（p = 0.001）、厚度（p = 0.011）和不规则性（p < 0.001），以及 POSAS 患者组的疤痕厚度（p = 0.001）、柔韧性（p = 0.012）和表面积（p = 0.结论在为期 12 周的应用过程中，配备压力传感器的定制 3D 压缩面膜显著改善了疤痕厚度、皮肤水合度和各种评估量表参数。

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来源期刊

Burns 医学-皮肤病学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

18.50%

发文量

304

审稿时长

72 days

期刊介绍： Burns aims to foster the exchange of information among all engaged in preventing and treating the effects of burns. The journal focuses on clinical, scientific and social aspects of these injuries and covers the prevention of the injury, the epidemiology of such injuries and all aspects of treatment including development of new techniques and technologies and verification of existing ones. Regular features include clinical and scientific papers, state of the art reviews and descriptions of burn-care in practice. Topics covered by Burns include: the effects of smoke on man and animals, their tissues and cells; the responses to and treatment of patients and animals with chemical injuries to the skin; the biological and clinical effects of cold injuries; surgical techniques which are, or may be relevant to the treatment of burned patients during the acute or reconstructive phase following injury; well controlled laboratory studies of the effectiveness of anti-microbial agents on infection and new materials on scarring and healing; inflammatory responses to injury, effectiveness of related agents and other compounds used to modify the physiological and cellular responses to the injury; experimental studies of burns and the outcome of burn wound healing; regenerative medicine concerning the skin.