Environmentally relevant concentrations of nickel and imidacloprid induce reproductive toxicity in earthworm (Eisenia fetida fetida)

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI:10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109964
Rahul Ladumor , Helly Pandya , Mansi Thakkar , Drashti Mehta , Priya Paithankar , Saleh Alfarraj , Mohammad Javed Ansari , Parth Pandya , Virendra Kumar Yadav , Dipak Kumar Sahoo , Ashish Patel
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Abstract

The current research investigates individual and combined toxicity effects of nickel (Ni) and imidacloprid (IMI) on earthworm species Eisenia fetida fetida. Employing standardized toxicity parameters, we assessed the impact of environmentally relevant concentrations (ERC) of Ni, IMI, and their mixtures on key biomarkers and reproductive fitness of earthworms. Our findings reveal concentration-dependent responses with discernible adverse effects on physiological parameters. The ERC obtained for Ni was 0.095 ppm, and for imidacloprid was 0.01 ppm. Two concentrations (ERC and 1/5th) of both toxicants (individually and in combinations) were further given for 14 days, and parameters like avoidance behaviour, antioxidants, histology, and metabolomic profile were observed. The behaviour of earthworms was noted, where at 24–48 h, it was found to be in control soil, while later, at 72–96 h, they migrated to toxicants-treated soil. Levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid), lipid peroxidation, and lactate dehydrogenase were elevated in the testis, spermatheca, ovary, and prostate gland in a high concentration of Ni + IMI. Histological studies showed more vacuolization and disruption of epithelium that was increased in the prostate gland of the Ni + IMI high group, decreased number of spermatids, and damaged cell architecture was noted in testis and spermatheca of the Ni + IMI high group. The highest number of metabolites was found in Ni exposed group (181), followed by IMI (131) and Control (125). Thus, this study sheds light on the ecotoxicological effects of combinational exposure of these contaminants on an essential soil-dwelling organism, where IMI was more toxic than Ni, and both toxicants decreased earthworm reproductive fecundity.

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环境相关浓度的镍和吡虫啉会诱发蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida fetida)的生殖毒性。
目前的研究调查了镍(Ni)和吡虫啉(IMI)对蚯蚓物种Eisenia fetida fetida的单独和联合毒性效应。利用标准化毒性参数,我们评估了环境相关浓度(ERC)的镍、吡虫啉及其混合物对蚯蚓关键生物标志物和繁殖能力的影响。我们的研究结果表明,浓度依赖性反应对生理参数有明显的不利影响。镍的ERC值为0.095 ppm,吡虫啉的ERC值为0.01 ppm。两种浓度(ERC 和 1/5)的两种毒物(单独使用和混合使用)被进一步施用 14 天,并观察了回避行为、抗氧化剂、组织学和代谢组学概况等参数。研究人员注意到蚯蚓的行为,发现在 24-48 小时内,蚯蚓在对照组土壤中活动,而在 72-96 小时后,蚯蚓迁移到经过毒物处理的土壤中。在高浓度 Ni + IMI 的土壤中,睾丸、精囊、卵巢和前列腺中的抗氧化剂(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸)、脂质过氧化物和乳酸脱氢酶水平都有所升高。组织学研究显示,Ni + IMI 高浓度组的前列腺中出现了更多的空泡化和上皮细胞破坏,精子数量减少,Ni + IMI 高浓度组的睾丸和精巢中的细胞结构受损。镍暴露组的代谢物数量最多(181),其次是 IMI 组(131)和对照组(125)。因此,这项研究揭示了综合接触这些污染物对一种重要土栖生物的生态毒理学影响,其中 IMI 的毒性比 Ni 更强,而且这两种毒物都会降低蚯蚓的繁殖力。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
5.10%
发文量
206
审稿时长
30 days
期刊介绍: Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. This journal is concerned with chemical and drug action at different levels of organization, biotransformation of xenobiotics, mechanisms of toxicity, including reactive oxygen species and carcinogenesis, endocrine disruptors, natural products chemistry, and signal transduction with a molecular approach to these fields.
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