Risk Factors and Contemporary Management Options for Pain and Discomfort Experienced During a Prostate Biopsy.

IF 2.5 2区医学 Q2 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Current Urology Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-19 DOI:10.1007/s11934-024-01220-w

Gabriela M Diaz, Lindsey T Webb, Maximilian J Rabil, Soum D Lokeshwar, Ankur U Choksi, Michael S Leapman, Preston C Sprenkle

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Prostate fusion biopsy, an innovative imaging modality for diagnosing prostate cancer, presents certain challenges for patients including discomfort and emotional distress, leading to nonadherence to treatment and follow-ups. To inform clinicians and offer pain relief alternatives to patients, this review delves into the risk factors for increased pain and modern management options to alleviate pain during prostate biopsy.

Recent findings: Individual responses to pain vary, and the overall experience of pain during a prostate biopsy has been contributed to numerous factors such as patient age, prostate volume, previous biopsy experience, and more. As a result, several strategies aim to mitigate pain during in-office procedures. Notably, techniques including pharmacological analgesics, hand holding, heating pads, entertainment/virtual reality, and distraction have shown significant efficacy. Existing studies explore risk factors influencing pain intensity during prostate biopsy and effective pain management strategies. This review consolidates available information to guide clinicians in enhancing patient comfort and thus, encourage surveillance adherence.

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前列腺活检过程中出现疼痛和不适的风险因素和现代处理方案。

综述目的：前列腺融合活检是诊断前列腺癌的一种创新成像方式，它给患者带来了一些挑战，包括不适和情绪困扰，导致患者不坚持治疗和复查。为了让临床医生了解情况并为患者提供减轻疼痛的替代方案，本综述深入探讨了前列腺活检过程中疼痛加剧的风险因素和减轻疼痛的现代管理方案：个人对疼痛的反应不尽相同，前列腺活检过程中的总体疼痛体验与多种因素有关，如患者年龄、前列腺体积、以往的活检经验等。因此，有几种策略旨在减轻诊室检查过程中的疼痛。值得注意的是，包括药物镇痛、手持、加热垫、娱乐/虚拟现实和分散注意力在内的技术已显示出显著疗效。现有研究探讨了影响前列腺活检过程中疼痛强度的风险因素以及有效的疼痛管理策略。本综述整合了现有信息，以指导临床医生提高患者的舒适度，从而鼓励患者坚持监测。

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来源期刊

Current Urology Reports UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

3.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to review the most important, recently published findings in the field of urology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to the care and prevention of urologic diseases and conditions. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, erectile dysfunction, female urology, and kidney disease. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.