Nuclear periphery and its mechanical regulation in cell fate transitions

IF 6.1 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Current opinion in structural biology Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1016/j.sbi.2024.102867
Rebecca K. Stephens, Yekaterina A. Miroshnikova
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Abstract

Cell fate changes require rewiring of transcriptional programs to generate functionally specialized cell states. Reconfiguration of transcriptional networks requires overcoming epigenetic barriers imposed by silenced heterochromatin in order to activate lineage-specific genes. Further, cell fate decisions are made in a tissue-specific context, where cells are physically linked to each other as well as to the connective tissue environment. Here, cells are continuously exposed to a multitude of mechanical forces emanating from cellular dynamics in their local microenvironments, for example through cell movements, cell divisions, tissue contractions, or fluid flow. Through their ability to deform cellular structures and activate receptors, mechanical forces can be sensed at the plasma membrane, but also at the nuclear periphery through direct or cytoskeleton-mediated deformation of the nuclear envelope. This deformation and the associated signaling is capable of triggering changes in the mechanical state of the nuclear membranes, the organization and rigidity of the underlying nuclear lamina, compaction state of chromatin, and ultimately transcription. This review focuses on the role of nuclear architecture, particularly the nuclear lamina-chromatin interface, and its mechanical regulation in cell fate decisions as well as its physiological role in development and cellular reprogramming.

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细胞命运转换中的核外围及其机械调控
细胞命运的改变需要转录程序的重新布线,以产生功能特化的细胞状态。转录网络的重新配置需要克服沉默的异染色质所造成的表观遗传学障碍,以激活特定世系的基因。此外,细胞命运的决定是在组织特异性的背景下做出的,细胞之间以及细胞与结缔组织环境之间都存在物理联系。在这种情况下,细胞会不断受到来自其局部微环境中细胞动态的多种机械力的影响,例如通过细胞运动、细胞分裂、组织收缩或液体流动产生的机械力。机械力不仅能使细胞结构变形并激活受体,还能通过核膜的直接变形或细胞骨架介导的变形在细胞核外围感知到机械力。这种变形和相关信号能够引发核膜的机械状态、底层核薄层的组织和刚性、染色质的压实状态以及最终转录的变化。这篇综述将重点探讨核结构(尤其是核薄层-染色质界面)的作用及其在细胞命运决定中的机械调控,以及它在发育和细胞重编程中的生理作用。
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来源期刊
Current opinion in structural biology
Current opinion in structural biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
2.90%
发文量
179
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Structural Biology (COSB) aims to stimulate scientifically grounded, interdisciplinary, multi-scale debate and exchange of ideas. It contains polished, concise and timely reviews and opinions, with particular emphasis on those articles published in the past two years. In addition to describing recent trends, the authors are encouraged to give their subjective opinion of the topics discussed. In COSB, we help the reader by providing in a systematic manner: 1. The views of experts on current advances in their field in a clear and readable form. 2. Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications. [...] The subject of Structural Biology is divided into twelve themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year. Each issue contains two sections, and the amount of space devoted to each section is related to its importance. -Folding and Binding- Nucleic acids and their protein complexes- Macromolecular Machines- Theory and Simulation- Sequences and Topology- New constructs and expression of proteins- Membranes- Engineering and Design- Carbohydrate-protein interactions and glycosylation- Biophysical and molecular biological methods- Multi-protein assemblies in signalling- Catalysis and Regulation
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