Galacto-Oligosaccharides and the Elderly Gut: Implications for Immune Restoration and Health

IF 8 1区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Advances in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100263

Yunan Hu , Mashael R Aljumaah , Maria Andrea Azcarate-Peril

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Abstract

The increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases in the aging population has been correlated with a decline in innate and adaptive immune responses; hence, it is imperative to identify approaches to improve immune function, prevent related disorders, and reduce or treat age-associated health complications. Prebiotic supplementation is a promising approach to modulate the gut microbiome and immune system, offering a potential strategy to maintain the integrity of immune function in older individuals. This review summarizes the current research on prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) immunomodulatory mechanisms mediated by bacterial-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, to maintain immune homeostasis. The potential applications of GOS as immunotherapy for age-related disease prevention in older individuals are also highlighted. This aligns with the global shift toward proactive healthcare and emphasizes the significance of early intervention in directing an individual’s health trajectory.

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半乳糖寡糖（GOS）与老年人肠道：对免疫恢复和健康的影响。

在老龄人口中，非传染性疾病的发病率越来越高，这与先天性免疫反应和适应性免疫反应的下降有关；因此，当务之急是找到改善免疫功能、预防相关疾病、减少或治疗与年龄有关的健康并发症的方法。补充益生元是调节肠道微生物组和免疫系统的一种很有前景的方法，为保持老年人免疫功能的完整性提供了一种潜在的策略。本综述总结了目前有关益生菌半乳寡糖（GOS）免疫调节机制的研究，这些机制由细菌衍生的代谢产物（包括短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和次级胆汁酸）介导，以维持免疫平衡。研究还强调了将 GOS 作为免疫疗法用于预防老年人与年龄有关的疾病的潜力。这与全球向前瞻性医疗保健的转变是一致的，并强调了早期干预对指导个人健康轨迹的重要意义。意义说明：综述提供了令人信服的证据，证明 GOS 作为一种膳食干预措施，可显著增强老年人的肠道健康和免疫调节能力。基于这些研究结果，综述敦促开展进一步研究，以提高我们对 GOS 及其优化老年人健康潜力的认识。

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来源期刊

Advances in Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

17.40

自引率

2.20%

发文量

117

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Advances in Nutrition (AN/Adv Nutr) publishes focused reviews on pivotal findings and recent research across all domains relevant to nutritional scientists and biomedical researchers. This encompasses nutrition-related research spanning biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies using experimental animal models, domestic animals, and human subjects. The journal also emphasizes clinical nutrition, epidemiology and public health, and nutrition education. Review articles concentrate on recent progress rather than broad historical developments. In addition to review articles, AN includes Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and supplements. Supplement proposals require pre-approval by the editor before submission. The journal features reports and position papers from the American Society for Nutrition, summaries of major government and foundation reports, and Nutrient Information briefs providing crucial details about dietary requirements, food sources, deficiencies, and other essential nutrient information. All submissions with scientific content undergo peer review by the Editors or their designees prior to acceptance for publication.

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