Advances in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Addressing the Urgent Need for Clinical Nutrition Education in PostGraduate Medical Training: New Programs and Credentialing","authors":"Sundar Krishnan ,&nbsp;Trevor Sytsma ,&nbsp;Paul E Wischmeyer","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of nutrition in the development of disease, and in the recovery from illness, is among the most fundamental tenets in human biology and optimal health. Nutrition was fundamental in many traditional forms of medicine until its role in medical care experienced a rapid decline over the last century. We believe a key cause of the decline in nutrition's essential role in healthcare and preventative medicine is the escalating crisis of inadequate nutrition education in medical training. Recent data show 75% of United States medical schools have no required clinical nutrition classes and only 14% of residency programs have a required nutrition curriculum. More troubling, only 14% of current healthcare providers feel comfortable discussing nutrition with their patients. The purpose of this paper is to present the evidence illustrating the distinct lack of nutrition education in medical training. Further, we present key examples of existing formal nutrition curricula to incorporate nutritional science into all healthcare providers’ education and practices. We discuss existing nutrition fellowships and training programs, including the new Duke Online Clinical Nutrition Fellowship. We also cover a physician nutrition certification allowing physicians to pursue clinical nutrition as a career path. Finally, recent financial incentives and quality measures incentivizing healthcare provider nutrition education is discussed. Thus, in conclusion, we advocate the inclusion of nutrition education curricula as a priority in medical schools, graduate medical education, and continuing medical education. Formal clinical nutrition training should be a requirement for hospital leadership and administrators for all Parenteral Nutrition and Nutrition Team Physician Directors in hospitals worldwide, and this key clinical role must become an essential position in all hospitals. In addition, we immediately need to address the critical shortage of physician nutrition specialists who will serve as the next generation of leaders in clinical nutrition care and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequalities in Research on Food Environment Policies: An Evidence Map of Global Evidence from 2010-2020","authors":"Laurence Blanchard ,&nbsp;Stephanie Ray ,&nbsp;Cherry Law ,&nbsp;María Jesús Vega-Salas ,&nbsp;Harry Rutter ,&nbsp;Matt Egan ,&nbsp;Mark Petticrew ,&nbsp;Monique Potvin Kent ,&nbsp;Claire Bennett ,&nbsp;Patricia J Lucas ,&nbsp;Cécile Knai","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been increasing pressure to implement policies for promoting healthy food environments worldwide. We conducted an evidence map to critically explore the breadth and nature of primary research from 2010–2020 that evaluated the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, development, and implementation of mandatory and voluntary food environment policies. Fourteen databases and 2 websites were searched for “real-world” evaluations of international, national, and state level policies promoting healthy food environments. We documented the policy and evaluation characteristics, including the World Cancer Research Fund International NOURISHING framework’s policy categories and 10 equity characteristics using the PROGRESS-Plus framework. Data were synthesized using descriptive statistics and visuals. We screened 27,958 records, of which 482 were included. Although these covered 70 countries, 81% of publications focused on only 12 countries (United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, France, Spain, Denmark, New Zealand, and South Africa). Studies from these countries employed more robust quantitative methods and included most of the evaluations of policy development, implementation, and cost-effectiveness. Few publications reported on Africa (<em>n</em> = 12), Central and South Asia (<em>n</em> = 5), and the Middle East (<em>n</em> = 6) regions. Few also assessed public-private partnerships (PPPs, <em>n</em> = 31, 6%) compared to voluntary approaches by the private sector (<em>n</em> = 96, 20%), the public sector (<em>n</em> = 90, 19%), and mandatory approaches (<em>n</em> = 288, 60%). Most evaluations of PPPs reported on the same 2 partnerships. Only 50% of publications assessing policy effectiveness compared outcomes between population groups stratified by an equity characteristic, and this proportion has decreased over time. There are striking inequities in the origin, scope, and design of these studies, suggesting that research capacity and funding lies in the hands of a few expert teams worldwide. The small number of studies on PPPs questions the evidence base underlying the international push for PPPs to promote health. Policy evaluations should consider impacts on equity more consistently.</div><div>This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020170963.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Fructooligosaccharides: From Breast Milk Components to Potential Supplements. A Systematic Review” [Adv Nutr 13 (2022) 318–327]","authors":"Valentina De Cosmi ,&nbsp;Alessandra Mazzocchi ,&nbsp;Carlo Agostoni ,&nbsp;Francesco Visioli","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100326","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomedical Applications and Nutritional Value of Specific Food-Derived Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogels","authors":"Qianru Xiang ,&nbsp;Yuting Hao ,&nbsp;Zijun Xia ,&nbsp;Meiqi Liao ,&nbsp;Xinkai Rao ,&nbsp;Shenghui Lao ,&nbsp;Qi He ,&nbsp;Congshun Ma ,&nbsp;Wenzhen Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food-derived polysaccharide-based hydrogels (FPBHs), which are composed of polysaccharides derived from food sources exhibit great potential for biomedical applications. The FPBHs possess a wide range of biological activities and can be utilized in the treatment of various clinical diseases. However, the majority of research efforts have predominantly focused on nonspecific polysaccharides derived from various sources (most plants, animals, and microorganisms), whereas the exploration of hydrogels originating from specific polysaccharides with distinct bioactivity extracted from natural food sources remains limited. In this review, a comprehensive search was conducted across 3 major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline) until October 24, 2024 to include 32 studies that employed FPBHs for biomedical applications. This review provides an overview of hydrogels based on specific food-derived polysaccharides by summarizing their types, sources, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and biological activities. The crosslinking strategies employed in the fabrication of FPBHs were demonstrated. The attributes and characteristics of FPBHs were delined, including their physical, chemical, and functional properties. Of particular note, the review highlights <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> studies exploring the biomedical applications of FPBHs and delve into the nutritional value of specific food-derived polysaccharides. The challenges encountered in basic research involving FPBHs were enumerated as well as limitation in their clinical practice. Finally, the potential market outlook for FPBHs in the future was also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100309"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbohydrates","authors":"Joanne L Slavin ,&nbsp;Sarah K Engstrom","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Championing Mid-Career Success: New Initiatives and Enhanced Recognition Programs of the ASN and ASN Foundation","authors":"Sarah L Booth PhD (President)","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100323","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Interaction between Genetic Factors and Breastfeeding on Children’s Weight Status: A Systematic Review","authors":"Zhe Yang ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Hong Cui ,&nbsp;Borui Liu ,&nbsp;Xue Wang ,&nbsp;Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Zheng ,&nbsp;Xinyue Yang ,&nbsp;Shuqi Wu ,&nbsp;Jiajin Hu ,&nbsp;Deliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breastfeeding may interact with other risk factors and have a combined influence on child growth. This systematic review aimed to examine the interaction between genetic factors and breastfeeding and how their combination is associated with children weight status. Four databases were searched until August 2024, and 8 eligible studies were identified. The fat mass and obesity associated (<em>FTO</em>) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (<em>PPARG2</em>) genes were the most examined genes. Although the results of interactions between breastfeeding and genetics factors on children’s weight status were inconsistent, some of studies reported that breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding attenuated the disadvantageous association between the risk alleles of the genes (higher obesity-specific genetic risk score for a multiple-gene study) and overdevelopment of children’s body weight. These findings support the <span>WHO</span> recommendations for prolonged breastfeeding and further suggest breastfeeding interventions to prevent childhood obesity may be more effective in populations with a disadvantageous genetic predisposition.</div><div>This review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42023448365.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100312"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invitation for Nominations for 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Variability in Between- and Within-Day Dietary Intake with Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis in Adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Perdana ST Suyoto ,&nbsp;Nindya P Pamungkas ,&nbsp;Jeanne HM de Vries ,&nbsp;Edith JM Feskens","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature regarding the impact of variations in dietary intake, both between- and within-day, on adiposity and glucose metabolism. We included observational and experimental articles obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and gray literature until 9 October, 2023, evaluating the impact of between- or within-day variations in meal, energy, or macronutrient intake on these outcomes. Our focus was on adults aged ≥18 y, spanning both healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Given the diverse range of exposures, treatments, and outcomes among the selected articles, we chose a qualitative synthesis approach to effectively analyze the data. Eighty articles from 43 observational and 37 experimental studies were included, involving 89,178 participants. Patterns of dietary intake variation were identified and systematically organized into distinct categories based on similarities. Between-day variations in dietary intake consisted of between-day variations in both the quantity consumed and meal timing. Meanwhile, within-day variations encompassed factors such as eating window, meal omission, within-day meal timing, within-day variation in dietary intake quantity, and temporal distribution. Despite mixed results, time-restricted eating was generally associated with lower adiposity. However, limited control for total daily energy intake (TDEI) suggests that the contribution of lower energy intake cannot be conclusively excluded. Conversely, the adverse effect of meal omission on glucose parameters was consistently supported by randomized trials. Interestingly, the results showed that consuming a substantial portion of TDEI in the morning may increase the likelihood of observing improvements in adiposity. Furthermore, inconsistencies in outcomes across articles examining the effects in healthy compared with T2DM populations, or in energy-sufficient compared with deficient individuals, indicate potential condition-specific effects. These findings support the need for further investigation into the effects of between- and within-day variations in dietary intake to better understand their impact on adiposity and glucose homeostasis.</div><div>This review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42020214307.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and Health Sustainability of the Mediterranean Diet: A Systematic Review","authors":"Victoria Lorca-Camara ,&nbsp;Marina Bosque-Prous ,&nbsp;Maira Bes-Rastrollo ,&nbsp;Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo ,&nbsp;Anna Bach-Faig","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been shown to be a healthy dietary pattern (DP), and lately it is increasingly being studied as a sustainable DP. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the MD is a sustainable and healthy DP accounting for its carbon footprint, water footprint (WF), land use (LU), and/or energy use, based on the existing scientific literature. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022309916). We included 35 studies: 25 modeling studies, 7 cross-sectional, and 3 longitudinal. Twenty-four studies compared the sustainability of the MD with that of other DPs; 21 assessed the sustainability of the MD compared with dietary consumption data; and 9 evaluated the MD's adherence and its environmental impacts. A total of 29 studies analyzed the carbon footprint, 11 the LU, 20 the WF, and 7 the energy use of the MD. Six articles assessed the health aspect of the diet apart from the environmental impact. The MD showed high nutritional quality, ranging between 122 and 178 points on the health score and between 13.51 and 90.6 points on the nutrient-rich food index. Using the results for environmental footprints in the same measurement units, we were able to quantitatively compare the most frequently assessed diets with MD. When compared with other diets, 91% of the studies referred to the MD as a sustainable DP, and most of the articles in which its adherence was assessed obtained an inverse correlation with the environmental footprints. Environmental footprints of the MD ranged from 1.03 to 5.08 kg CO₂-eq/person-day for greenhouse gas emissions, 257.2–2735.2 L/person-day for WF, and 4–14.8 m²/person-day and 2.85–3.32 m²∗year/d for LU. In summary, the available evidence suggests that, in general, the MD is a sustainable and healthy DP, which aligns with planetary health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100322"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}