The Effect of Time-Restricted Eating Combined with Exercise on Body Composition and Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 8 1区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Advances in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100262

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Abstract

Background

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is increasingly popular, but its benefits in combination with exercise still need to be determined.

Objectives

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TRE combined with exercise compared with control diet with exercise in improving the body composition and metabolic health of adults.

Methods

Five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of TRE combined with exercise on body composition and metabolic health in adults were included. All results in the meta-analysis are reported as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Study quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessment.

Results

In total, 19 RCTs comprising 568 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. TRE combined with exercise likely reduced the participants’ body mass (MD: −1.86 kg; 95% CI: −2.75, −0.97 kg) and fat mass (MD: −1.52 kg; 95% CI: −2.07, −0.97 kg) when compared with the control diet with exercise. In terms of metabolic health, the TRE combined with exercise group likely reduced triglycerides (MD: −13.38 mg/dL, 95% CI: −21.22, −5.54 mg/dL) and may result in a reduction in low-density lipoprotein (MD: −8.52 mg/dL; 95% CI: −11.72, −5.33 mg/dL) and a large reduction in leptin (MD: −0.67 ng/mL; 95% CI: −1.02, −0.33 ng/mL). However, TRE plus exercise exhibited no additional benefit on the glucose profile, including fasting glucose and insulin, and other lipid profiles, including total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein concentrations, compared with the control group.

Conclusions

Combining TRE with exercise may be more effective in reducing body weight and fat mass and improving lipid profile than control diet with exercise. Implementing this approach may benefit individuals aiming to achieve weight loss and enhance their metabolic well-being.

This study was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022353834.

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限时进食结合运动对身体成分和代谢健康的影响：系统综述和荟萃分析。

背景：限时进食（TRE）越来越受欢迎，但其与运动相结合的益处仍有待确定：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估限时进食与运动相结合与控制饮食与运动相结合在改善成人身体成分和代谢健康方面的功效：方法：在五个电子数据库中搜索相关研究。方法：检索了五个电子数据库中的相关研究，其中包括研究 TRE 与运动相结合对成人身体成分和代谢健康影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。荟萃分析中的所有结果均以平均差 (MD) 和 95% 置信区间 (Cl) 表示。研究质量采用修订后的 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具和建议评估、制定和评价分级法进行评估：本系统综述和荟萃分析共纳入了 19 项 RCT，共有 568 名参与者。与有运动的对照饮食相比，TRE 结合运动可能会减少参与者的体重（MD = -1.86 kg，95% CI [-2.75，-0.97]）和脂肪量（MD = -1.52 kg，95% CI [-2.07，-0.97]）。在新陈代谢健康方面，TRE 加运动组可能会降低甘油三酯（MD = -13.38 mg/dl，95% CI [-21.22，-5.54]），并可能导致低密度脂蛋白（MD = -8.52 mg/dl，95% CI [-11.72，-5.33]）的降低和瘦素（MD -0.67 ng/ml；95% CI [-1.02，-0.33]）的大幅降低。然而，与对照组相比，TRE加运动对血糖谱（包括空腹血糖和胰岛素）和其他血脂谱（包括总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白水平）没有额外的益处：结论：在减少体重和脂肪量以及改善血脂状况方面，将 TRE 与运动相结合可能比控制饮食与运动相结合更有效。采用这种方法可能会对旨在实现减肥和提高新陈代谢健康水平的人有所裨益。系统综述或荟萃分析的注册表和注册表编号：CRD42022353834。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

17.40

自引率

2.20%

发文量

117

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Advances in Nutrition (AN/Adv Nutr) publishes focused reviews on pivotal findings and recent research across all domains relevant to nutritional scientists and biomedical researchers. This encompasses nutrition-related research spanning biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies using experimental animal models, domestic animals, and human subjects. The journal also emphasizes clinical nutrition, epidemiology and public health, and nutrition education. Review articles concentrate on recent progress rather than broad historical developments. In addition to review articles, AN includes Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and supplements. Supplement proposals require pre-approval by the editor before submission. The journal features reports and position papers from the American Society for Nutrition, summaries of major government and foundation reports, and Nutrient Information briefs providing crucial details about dietary requirements, food sources, deficiencies, and other essential nutrient information. All submissions with scientific content undergo peer review by the Editors or their designees prior to acceptance for publication.

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