Bringing light into the dark—plant electrophysiological monitoring of root knot nematode infestation and real-time nematicide efficacy

IF 4.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY Journal of Pest Science Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI:10.1007/s10340-024-01798-7
Andrzej Kurenda, Domenica Jenni, Sandro Lecci, Anke Buchholz
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Abstract

This study investigated the infestation of tomato plants by the plant-parasitic nematode, M. incognita, and its accurate detection by plant electrophysiology (PE). Dedicated tests were done on whole plants to record electrophysiological signals from nematode infested and uninfested plants and to establish a trained model indicating nematode-induced stress. Monitoring nematode-induced stress by PE confirmed the results obtained by assessing root galls and quantifying xylem sap 3 to 4 weeks after infestation. The machine learning model captured the stress intensities and the time course of plant damage caused by nematodes. Stress caused by second-stage juveniles (J2) infestation appeared 3 to 5 days after infestation (DAI), whereas stress caused by egg infestation was detected 5 to 7 days later (10–13 DAI). For the first time, the real-time effectiveness of nematicides was recorded in further tests. Nematode infested plants treated preventatively with cyclobutrifluram (TYMIRIUM® technology) showed a delayed and short (about 3 days) period of low stress intensity, whereas infested but untreated plants showed a period of maximum stress for about 12 days. In addition, depending on the type of application (preventative or curative), different modes of biological activity of IRAC group N-2 and N-3 nematicides (fluopyram, abamectin) could be captured by PE signalling. PE offers a new way of monitoring plant health in real time, which is particularly valuable for accessing ‘invisible’ pests, such as plant-parasitic nematodes in the soil.

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将光线引入黑暗--根结线虫侵扰和实时杀线虫药效的植物电生理监测
本研究调查了植物寄生线虫(M. incognita)对番茄植株的侵染及其通过植物电生理学(PE)的准确检测。对整株植物进行了专门测试,以记录线虫侵染植物和未受侵染植物的电生理信号,并建立一个训练有素的模型来指示线虫诱导的胁迫。通过 PE 监测线虫诱导的胁迫证实了在侵染 3 至 4 周后通过评估根瘿和量化木质部汁液获得的结果。机器学习模型捕捉到了线虫造成的胁迫强度和植物损害的时间过程。第二阶段幼虫(J2)侵染造成的胁迫在侵染后 3 至 5 天(DAI)出现,而卵侵染造成的胁迫在 5 至 7 天后(10-13 DAI)才被检测到。在进一步的试验中,首次记录了杀线虫剂的实时有效性。使用环丁氟虫腈(TYMIRIUM® 技术)预防性处理线虫侵染的植株会出现延迟且较短(约 3 天)的低胁迫强度期,而受侵染但未处理的植株则会出现约 12 天的最大胁迫强度期。此外,根据应用类型(预防或治疗)的不同,PE 信号可捕捉 IRAC 组 N-2 和 N-3 杀线虫剂(氟吡脲、阿维菌素)的不同生物活性模式。PE 提供了一种实时监测植物健康状况的新方法,这对于发现 "隐形 "害虫(如土壤中的植物寄生线虫)尤为重要。
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来源期刊
Journal of Pest Science
Journal of Pest Science 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
114
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues. Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates. Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management. Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.
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