Reassuring Quantitative Analysis of Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid Levels in Breast Milk Using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry.

IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Breastfeeding Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-20 DOI:10.1089/bfm.2024.0118
Roman Pawlak, Ashley Wooten, Mustafa Selim, Kimberly Kew
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Abstract

Purpose: The World Health Organization's International Agency on Research for Cancer has determined that glyphosate is "probably carcinogenic to humans." There is a great public interest to investigate whether glyphosate are detected in breast milk. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the concentration of glyphosate and its main metabolite in breast milk. Materials and Methods: Liquid chromatography was performed at 25°C using a Luna NH2, 50 × 2 mm, 3⎛ m (Phenomenex) analytical column. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was collected using negative ionization mode. The calibration curve for glyphosate ranged from 10 to 250 ng/mL. The detection limit was 1 ng/mL. Results: Breast milk samples were collected from 74 women, which included vegans (n = 26), vegetarians (n = 22), and nonvegetarians (n = 26). One of the 74 milk samples contained a detectable concentration of glyphosate and an additional 7 were found to contain aminomethylphosphonic acid. Conclusions: In breast milk samples collected mainly from women residing in urban regions of the United States, glyphosate detection was rare. Consistently, breastfed infants have a low or minimal risk of being exposed to glyphosate through ingestion of mother's milk. It is possible that the presence/absence and/or level of concentration of milk glyphosate depend on a place of residency and time of breastfeeding vis-à-vis time of its agricultural application.

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利用液相色谱质谱法对母乳中草甘膦和氨甲基膦酸含量进行可靠的定量分析
目的:世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构已确定草甘膦 "可能对人类致癌"。调查母乳中是否检测到草甘膦引起了公众的极大兴趣。因此,本研究的目的是评估草甘膦及其主要代谢物在母乳中的浓度。材料和方法:使用 Luna NH2、50 × 2 mm、3⎛ m(Phenomenex)分析柱,在 25°C 下进行液相色谱分析。电喷雾电离质谱采用负离子模式。草甘膦的校准曲线范围为 10 至 250 纳克/毫升。检测限为 1 纳克/毫升。结果收集了 74 名妇女的母乳样本,其中包括素食者(26 人)、素食者(22 人)和非素食者(26 人)。在 74 份母乳样本中,有一份样本含有可检测浓度的草甘膦,另有 7 份样本含有氨甲基膦酸。结论在主要从居住在美国城市地区的妇女采集的母乳样本中,草甘膦的检测结果非常罕见。母乳喂养的婴儿通过摄入母奶接触草甘膦的风险很低或极低。母乳中草甘膦的存在/不存在和/或浓度水平可能取决于居住地和哺乳时间与农业施用草甘膦的时间。
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来源期刊
Breastfeeding Medicine
Breastfeeding Medicine OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY-PEDIATRICS
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
11.10%
发文量
130
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Breastfeeding Medicine provides unparalleled peer-reviewed research, protocols, and clinical applications to ensure optimal care for mother and infant. The Journal answers the growing demand for evidence-based research and explores the immediate and long-term outcomes of breastfeeding, including its epidemiologic, physiologic, and psychological benefits. It is the exclusive source of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine protocols. Breastfeeding Medicine coverage includes: Breastfeeding recommendations and protocols Health consequences of artificial feeding Physiology of lactation and biochemistry of breast milk Optimal nutrition for the breastfeeding mother Breastfeeding indications and contraindications Managing breastfeeding discomfort, pain, and other complications Breastfeeding the premature or sick infant Breastfeeding in the chronically ill mother Management of the breastfeeding mother on medication Infectious disease transmission through breast milk and breastfeeding The collection and storage of human milk and human milk banking Measuring the impact of being a “baby-friendly” hospital Cultural competence and cultural sensitivity International public health issues including social and economic issues.
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