Breastfeeding Medicine最新文献

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of breast massage and warm compression on milk secretion and anxiety in the mothers of premature newborns. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 120 mothers of premature newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were assigned to three intervention groups (massage, n = 30; warm compression, n = 30; massage-warm, n = 30) and one control group (n = 30). Mothers in the massage group performed massage, those in the warm compression group applied compresses, and the combined group used both methods, whereas the control group used a breast pump with no intervention. Milk production was measured in milliliters (mL) after each pumping session over 4 days, and anxiety levels were assessed at baseline and on the 4th day. Results: Mothers with premature newborns in the NICU had mean breast milk amounts of 1,321.43 ± 569.01 mL in the massage group, 1,470 ± 718.93 mL in the warm compression group, 1,484.23 ± 889.28 mL in the massage-warm group, and 913.75 ± 679.90 mL in the control group. The massage, warm compression, and massage-warm groups had significantly higher milk production than the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, anxiety levels in the intervention groups significantly decreased compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Mothers reported satisfaction with all interventions, with no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Breast massage, warm compression, and breast massage-warm compression can be suggested as effective, simple, and cost-effective methods for increasing milk quantity and decreasing maternal anxiety.

Purpose: Postpartum depression (PPD) resembles a major depression in the postpartum period and affects 10-15% of all women after giving birth. Several studies suggest an association between a lower risk of PPD and breastfeeding. The highly stressful period of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the incidence of mental illness in general and PPD in particular. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding behavior and PPD in more detail. Methods: In this context, 291 women who gave birth between April 2020 and September 2021 were surveyed up to 6 months postpartum on depressive symptoms, breastfeeding behavior, and anxieties. Results: In particular, the fact that the women stated after 6 months that their expectations of breastfeeding had been met appeared to lead to a significantly lower risk of PPD. Therefore, not breastfeeding frequency but satisfaction with breastfeeding behavior was decisive for the risk of PPD development. Significant correlations were found between different anxieties and breastfeeding behavior. Higher anxieties led to a shorter desired time of breastfeeding in months, less frequent breastfeeding per day, and less satisfaction with breastfeeding behavior. Conclusion: Our results suggest that improving the breastfeeding experience as well as reducing prepartum anxieties or treating postpartum anxieties could be a primary prevention for PPD.

Introduction: Donor human milk (DHM) is the next best option when mothers' milk is unavailable. The study objective was to examine mothers' knowledge and attitudes regarding DHM. Materials and Methods: A prospective, descriptive, online study using mixed methods. Regression analysis was used to control for confounding variables and content analysis for the qualitative component. Results: Eighty mothers from the Palestinian Territories and Israel participated. Mothers' mean objective knowledge score was 3.4/6, and self-evaluation knowledge score was 2.4/5, with religion significant for both scores (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002), respectively. Compared with Muslim mothers, Christian and Jewish mothers were more likely to prefer DHM to formula: (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 4.9 [1.5-16.6], and 17.5 [4.3-71.4]), donate HM (human milk) to a friend or relative (7.8 [2.0-30.3]) and 60 [9.9-362.3]) or donate HM to a human milk bank (5.4 [1.3-23.3] and 11.2 [2.6-47.5]). Muslim and Christian mothers were more likely to state that DHM was permissible only under certain circumstances. Regression analysis revealed that only religion was significant for mothers' response that DHM was permissible (p < 0.001). Qualitative analysis revealed that differences in mothers' knowledge and attitudes were related to milk kinship. Conclusions: In this first study of mothers' knowledge and attitudes of DHM in the Palestinian Territories and Israel, results revealed low knowledge and negative attitudes regarding DHM correlated with the mother's culture. Future programs should include culturally competent initiatives regarding the benefits of DHM.

Background: This study examines the relationship between feeding methods during the first 2 weeks post-birth-mother's own milk (MOM), donor human milk (DHM), and formula-and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation or <1,500 g birth weight) admitted to Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2023 to February 2024. Infants were grouped by primary feeding method within the first 2 weeks after birth, defined as MOM, DHM, or formula contributing to ≥50% of total feeding. The primary outcome was BPD incidence; the secondary outcome included necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stage II or higher, periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and sepsis. Results: BPD incidence was lower in the MOM and DHM groups compared with formula (22%, 16% vs. 35%; p = 0.03). Adjusted odds ratios for BPD were 3.35 (95% CI 1.43, 7.85) in the formula group versus MOM and 6.48 (95% CI 1.47, 28.57) versus DHM, with no significant difference between MOM and DHM. NEC incidence was also lower in MOM and DHM groups (7.15%, 9.38% vs. 20.21%; p = 0.016). No significant differences were observed in ROP, PVL, or sepsis rates. Conclusions: MOM and DHM reduce the risk of BPD and NEC in preterm infants, with DHM being as safe as MOM.

Background: Use of marijuana and its derivatives has become increasingly common, without clear knowledge of health impacts. This uncertainty includes breastfeeding mothers and infants who may chronically ingest marijuana. Case Presentation: We present an infant with altered mental status initially thought to be the result of acute symptomatic exposure to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The infant subsequently developed classical symptoms of intussusception. Conclusion: This case raises the question of chronic THC exposure/ingestion in infants as a risk factor for intussusception. This association has been reported in adult populations, but not to date, in pediatric patients.

Background: Breastfeeding can improve long-term maternal and child cardiometabolic outcomes, but many of the cardiometabolic outcomes remain understudied. Objective: To examine the association between breastfeeding and maternal and child cardiometabolic outcomes 10-14 years after delivery. Study Design: A secondary analysis of the prospective Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study (2013-2016). The exposure was any breastfeeding. The primary outcomes were maternal and child disorders of glucose metabolism assessed separately and defined as one of the following: prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose [100-125 mg/dL] or impaired glucose tolerance [2-hour plasma glucose of 140-199 mg/dL]) or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Secondary outcomes included maternal and child hypertension and dyslipidemia (low-density lipoprotein ≥103 mg/dL, total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, or triglycerides ≥200 mg/dL), and child adiposity (body fat percentage >85th). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between breastfeeding and maternal and child cardiometabolic outcomes. Results: Of 4,685 assessed maternal-child dyads, 79.7% reported breastfeeding. The risk of maternal disorders of glucose metabolism did not differ by breastfeeding status (24.1% versus 24.5% with versus without breastfeeding, adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88-1.14). The risk of childhood disorders of glucose metabolism was lower with breastfeeding (10.7% versus 13.7%, aRR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.92). With regard to secondary outcomes, mothers who breastfed had a lower rate of dyslipidemia (29.4% versus 32.8%, aRR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.98). Offspring that were breastfed had lower rates of child adiposity (13.6% versus 17.5%, aRR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70-0.96). There was no difference in the rate of maternal hypertension by breastfeeding status. In the subgroup of mothers with gestational diabetes, breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of child hypertension (aRR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.99) and a lower risk of child adiposity measured by skinfold sum > 85th percentile (aRR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49-0.92). Conclusions: In an international prospective cohort, breastfeeding was associated with a reduced risk of maternal hypercholesterolemia and disorders of glucose metabolism and adiposity in the offspring.