Gut microbiota and fecal volatilome profile inspection in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes.

IF 5.4 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Journal of Endocrinological Investigation Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1007/s40618-024-02379-2
F M Calabrese, V A Genchi, N Serale, G Celano, M Vacca, G Palma, M Svelto, L Gesualdo, M De Angelis, F Giorgino, S Perrini
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Abstract

Background: People with metabolically healthy (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) differ for the presence or absence of cardio-metabolic complications, respectively.

Objective: Based on these differences, we are interested in deepening whether these obesity phenotypes could be linked to changes in microbiota and metabolome profiles. In this respect, the overt role of microbiota taxa composition and relative metabolic profiles is not completely understood. At this aim, biochemical and nutritional parameters, fecal microbiota, metabolome and SCFA compositions were inspected in patients with MHO and MUO under a restrictive diet regimen with a daily intake ranging from 800 to 1200 kcal.

Methods: Blood, fecal samples and food questionnaires were collected from healthy controls (HC), and an obese cohort composed of both MHO and MUO patients. Most impacting biochemical/anthropometric variables from an a priori sample stratification were detected by applying a robust statistics approach useful in lowering the background noise. Bacterial taxa and volatile metabolites were assessed by qPCR and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, respectively. A targeted GC-MS analyses on SCFAs was also performed.

Results: Instructed to follow a controlled and restricted daily calorie intake, MHO and MUO patients showed differences in metabolic, gut microbial and volatilome signatures. Our data revealed higher quantities of specific pro-inflammatory taxa (i.e., Desulfovibrio and Prevotella genera) and lower quantities of Clostridium coccoides group in MUO subset. Higher abundances in alkane, ketone, aldehyde, and indole VOC classes together with a lower amount of butanoic acid marked the faecal MUO metabolome.

Conclusions: Compared to MHO, MUO subset symptom picture is featured by specific differences in gut pro-inflammatory taxa and metabolites that could have a role in the progression to metabolically unhealthy status and developing of obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases. The approach is suitable to better explain the crosstalk existing among dysmetabolism-related inflammation, nutrient intake, lifestyle, and gut dysbiosis.

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代谢健康和不健康肥胖表型中的肠道微生物群和粪便挥发物特征检测。
背景:代谢健康型肥胖(MHO)和代谢不健康型肥胖(MUO)患者分别在有无心血管代谢并发症方面存在差异:基于这些差异,我们有兴趣深入研究这些肥胖表型是否与微生物群和代谢组特征的变化有关。在这方面,微生物群分类群组成和相对代谢特征的明显作用还不完全清楚。为此,研究人员对每天摄入 800 至 1200 千卡热量的限制性饮食方案下的 MHO 和 MUO 患者的生化和营养参数、粪便微生物群、代谢组和 SCFA 组成进行了检测:收集了健康对照组(HC)以及由 MHO 和 MUO 患者组成的肥胖人群的血液、粪便样本和食物问卷。通过应用有助于降低背景噪声的稳健统计方法,从先验样本分层中检测出最有影响的生化/人体测量变量。细菌分类群和挥发性代谢物分别通过 qPCR 和气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行了评估。此外,还对 SCFAs 进行了有针对性的气相色谱-质谱分析:结果:在接受控制和限制每日卡路里摄入量的指导后,MHO 和 MUO 患者在新陈代谢、肠道微生物和挥发物特征方面出现了差异。我们的数据显示,在 MUO 亚组中,特定促炎类群(即 Desulfovibrio 和 Prevotella 属)的数量较高,而椰子梭菌群的数量较低。烷烃类、酮类、醛类和吲哚类挥发性有机化合物含量较高,丁酸含量较低,是粪便 MUO 代谢组的特征:结论:与 MHO 相比,MUO 亚组症状的特点是肠道促炎类群和代谢物的特殊差异,这些差异可能会导致代谢不健康状态的发展以及与肥胖相关的心脏代谢疾病的发生。这种方法适用于更好地解释与代谢紊乱相关的炎症、营养摄入、生活方式和肠道菌群失调之间存在的串扰。
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来源期刊
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
7.40%
发文量
242
期刊介绍: The Journal of Endocrinological Investigation is a well-established, e-only endocrine journal founded 36 years ago in 1978. It is the official journal of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE), established in 1964. Other Italian societies in the endocrinology and metabolism field are affiliated to the journal: Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Italian Society of Obesity, Italian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Clinical Endocrinologists’ Association, Thyroid Association, Endocrine Surgical Units Association, Italian Society of Pharmacology.
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