Sudem Borgayary , Dulu Brahma , Riu Riu Wary , Anamika Baishya , Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum , Pranjal Kalita
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Development of biomass derived solid acid catalysts has the advantage to conform the green chemistry protocol for production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by dehydration of fructose.
Method
We have reported waste cashew nut shell produced char as a biochar to prepare sulfonated biochar (SBC) catalyst by incorporating –SO3H group through treatment of concentrated sulfuric acid.
Significant findings
Different methods of characterization including XRD, FT-IR, XPS, FESEM-EDS, TEM, TPD and BET analysis, were used to study the structure, morphology, chemical compositions, acidity and porosity of the produced SBC catalysts. The mesoporous nature of the material was confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction patterns (PXRD), type IV isotherm (BET), and flakes-like structure was observed in TEM analysis. The catalyst showed high yield of HMF (92%) under optimum conditions of 120 °C in 60 min under biphasic solvent mixture of water and toluene (1:2). High yield could be explained by high acid strength of catalyst as observed by NH3-TPD analysis. Leaching test by Sheldon's method and recyclability experiment proved the need and heterogeneity of the present catalyst.
期刊介绍:
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers (formerly known as Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers) publishes original works, from fundamental principles to practical applications, in the broad field of chemical engineering with special focus on three aspects: Chemical and Biomolecular Science and Technology, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, and Materials Science and Technology. Authors should choose for their manuscript an appropriate aspect section and a few related classifications when submitting to the journal online.