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Facile single-step synthesis of ZnFe2O4@biochar for synergistic adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation of RB and RBR binary dyes 一步法合成 ZnFe2O4@生物炭,用于协同吸附和光-芬顿降解 RB 和 RBR 双元染料
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105641
Congjin Chen , Wenting Gao , Hui Fan , Xiangru Huang , Zhangfa Tong

Background

Biochar ferrite composites have attracted widespread interest in adsorption and photocatalysis.

Methods

ZnFe2O4@biochar (ZnFe2O4@C) photo-Fenton catalyst was synthesized by single-step pyrolysis strategy and characterized by SEM-EDS, FT-IR, XRD, BET, XPS, VSM, UV–vis DRS. The activity of ZnFe2O4@C was investigated via rhodamine B (RB) and reactive brilliant red X-3B (RBR) binary dyes photo-Fenton degradation.

Significant Findings

ZnFe2O4 was uniformly anchored on biochar and formed magnet-separable ZnFe2O4@C. ZnFe2O4@C exhibited synergistic adsorption and photo-Fenton activity. Combination ZnFe2O4 with biochar reduced the recombination rate of photo-generated carriers, and effectively accelerated the degradation of RB and RBR binary dyes. Under the optimal conditions, the removal efficiency of RB and RBR were both more than 99.00%, and the reaction rate constants were 0.1276 min–1 and 0.0928 min–1, respectively. The photo-generated holes and •OH were the main active species. The possible degradation pathways were involved in cleavage of C–N, N-de-ethylation, chromophore cleavage and benzene ring opening for RB, and deionization, cleavage of N = N and C–N, oxidization and benzene ring opening for RBR. This work provided a facile single-step synthesis strategy for ZnFe2O4@biochar photo-Fenton catalyst, which was magnet-separable, environment-friendly, pH adaptability-widely, and there was the potentiality for organic dyes wastewater treatment.

方法采用单步热解策略合成了ZnFe2O4@生物炭(ZnFe2O4@C)光-芬顿催化剂,并通过SEM-EDS、FT-IR、XRD、BET、XPS、VSM、UV-vis DRS对其进行了表征。通过罗丹明 B(RB)和活性艳红 X-3B(RBR)二元染料的光-芬顿降解研究了 ZnFe2O4@C 的活性。ZnFe2O4@C 具有协同吸附和光 Fenton 活性。ZnFe2O4 与生物炭的结合降低了光生载流子的重组率,有效加速了 RB 和 RBR 二元染料的降解。在最佳条件下,RB 和 RBR 的去除率均大于 99.00%,反应速率常数分别为 0.1276 min-1 和 0.0928 min-1。光产生的空穴和-OH 是主要的活性物质。RB 的可能降解途径包括 C-N 裂解、N-脱乙基化、发色团裂解和苯环打开;RBR 的可能降解途径包括脱离子、N = N 和 C-N 裂解、氧化和苯环打开。该研究提供了一种简便的 ZnFe2O4@ 生物炭光-芬顿催化剂一步合成策略,具有磁分离、环境友好、pH 适应性广等特点,在有机染料废水处理中具有广阔的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of adding curcumin on the characterization of castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane coating 添加姜黄素对蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯涂料特性的影响
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105634
Yi-Han Liao , Yu-Zhen Lin , Chia-Tzu Kao, Yi-Chun Chen

Background

This study investigates the use of curcumin as a hydroxyl chain extender in polyurethane (PU) films, which not only absorbs ultraviolet (UV) light but also acts as a polymeric dye. It evaluates the lightfastness of these films and assesses their potential for wood coating applications.

Methods

Curcumin-based waterborne PU (CPU) resins were prepared by the prepolymerization method using EDA (Ethylenediamine)/curcumin molar ratios of 9/1, 8/2, 7/3, 6/4, and 5/5. The CPU film was analyzed for its transparency, thermal stability, mechanical strength, and water absorption characteristics. In particular, the wood coating performance and lightfastness of the CPU resin were investigated.

Significant findings

The results indicate that higher curcumin content results in an increased proportion of hard segments and hydrogen bonds within the CPU film. Notably, when the EDA/curcumin molar ratio is set to 8/2, the CPU resin exhibits the highest molecular weight, particle size, and cross-linking density, thereby enhancing its tensile strength, Young's modulus, and storage modulus. The results demonstrate the CPU film's ability to absorb UV light, thereby increasing its resistance to light exposure and causing significant color changes in lightfastness tests. CPU resin holds promise for applications as a lightfast yellow coating and a light-sensitive color change indicator.

背景本研究调查了姜黄素作为羟基链延伸剂在聚氨酯(PU)薄膜中的应用,姜黄素不仅能吸收紫外线(UV),还能用作聚合物染料。方法采用 EDA(乙二胺)/姜黄素摩尔比为 9/1、8/2、7/3、6/4 和 5/5 的预聚合法制备姜黄素基水性聚氨酯(CPU)树脂。对 CPU 薄膜的透明度、热稳定性、机械强度和吸水性进行了分析。重要发现结果表明,姜黄素含量越高,CPU 薄膜中硬段和氢键的比例就越高。值得注意的是,当 EDA/姜黄素摩尔比设定为 8/2 时,CPU 树脂的分子量、粒度和交联密度最高,从而提高了其拉伸强度、杨氏模量和储存模量。结果表明,CPU 薄膜具有吸收紫外线的能力,从而提高了耐光性,并在耐光性测试中产生了显著的颜色变化。CPU 树脂有望用作耐光黄色涂料和光敏变色指示剂。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of cooler shape and position on solidification of phase change material in a cavity 冷却器形状和位置对相变材料在空腔中凝固的影响
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105628
Hakan F. Öztop , Burak Kiyak , Nirmalendu Biswas , Fatih Selimefendigil , Hakan Coşanay

Background

For balancing the imbalance between the energy supply and demand, phase-change materials (PCMs) provide an efficient means in terms of thermal energy storage and release. The performance of the energy storage is primarily dependent on the melting as well as the solidification process of the storage medium. Faster charging or discharging of the thermal energy is a primary concern for any thermal energy storage unit. On this background, the present study explores the novel approach for enhancing the solidification process of PCM considering the effects of cooler shape (namely semi-circular, triangular, and rectangular) and their position (namely top, side, and bottom) in a molten PCM-filled enclosure. The middle portion of the cooler wall is curved; whereas the remaining cooler wall is straight maintaining the same cooler wall length.

Methods

To analyze the solidification process, the involved transport equations are solved numerically following a finite volume-based computational approach using Ansys Fluent solver in conjunction with the appropriate boundary conditions. The computational model is generated for all the geometry comprising different shapes, as well as positions of the cooler wall. The third-order upwind scheme (QUICK) technique is utilized to discretize the momentum and energy equations. This scheme is well capable to accurately capture the gradients in the temperature and flow domains. Furthermore, the semi-implicit pressure-linked equation (SIMPLE) technique is utilised to address the pressure-velocity coupling. The resolved data are then saved as selective variables (U, V, and θ), which undergo post-processing to produce a local thermo-fluid flow field and extract average data.

Significant findings

The shape, as well as the position of a cooler, dictates the solidification process in an energy storage system. Thermal energy storage with a triangular-shaped cold wall positioned at the top could be opted as an appropriate design approach of an efficient energy storage system compared to a semi-circular or rectangular-shaped cooler model. The shortest solidification time of PCM occurs when the cooler wall is positioned at the top. The top position of the cooler having a triangular shape with higher Grashof number (Gr) values leads to a faster solidification process. Some ideas for possible future research areas in this field are provided after a comprehensive examination.

背景为了平衡能源供需之间的不平衡,相变材料(PCM)提供了一种有效的热能储存和释放手段。能量存储的性能主要取决于存储介质的熔化和凝固过程。热能的快速充放电是任何热能储存装置的首要问题。在此背景下,本研究考虑到冷却器形状(即半圆形、三角形和矩形)及其在充满熔融 PCM 的外壳中的位置(即顶部、侧面和底部)的影响,探索了增强 PCM 凝固过程的新方法。为了分析凝固过程,采用基于有限体积的计算方法,使用 Ansys Fluent 求解器,结合适当的边界条件,对所涉及的传输方程进行数值求解。计算模型是针对不同形状的所有几何体以及冷却器壁的位置生成的。利用三阶上风方案(QUICK)技术来离散动量和能量方程。该方案能够准确捕捉温度和流动域中的梯度。此外,还采用了半隐式压力关联方程(SIMPLE)技术来解决压力-速度耦合问题。解析后的数据被保存为选择性变量(U、V 和 θ),经过后处理生成局部热流体流场并提取平均数据。 重要发现冷却器的形状和位置决定了储能系统的凝固过程。与半圆形或矩形冷却器模型相比,顶部冷壁呈三角形的热能储存器可作为高效储能系统的合适设计方法。当冷却器壁位于顶部时,PCM 的凝固时间最短。冷却器顶部位置呈三角形,格拉肖夫数 (Gr) 值较高,凝固过程较快。在对这一领域进行全面研究后,我们对未来可能的研究领域提出了一些想法。
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引用次数: 0
Modification of PVDF membranes using polyvinyl alcohol-crosslinked functionalized nano-silica sheets: High flux and antifouling properties for efficient oil-water separation 使用聚乙烯醇交联功能化纳米二氧化硅片对 PVDF 膜进行改性:用于高效油水分离的高通量和防污特性
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105636
Imtiaz Afzal Khan , Wail Falath , Nadeem Baig , Isam Aljundi

Backgrounds

Oily wastewater is the leading cause of water and environmental pollution, but conventional treatments suffer from complexity and low efficiency, and explicitly deal with oil-in-water emulsions. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have shown immense potential for separation applications; however, these membranes rapidly foul during the separation of oily wastewater.

Methods

A simple method is introduced to improve the hydrophilicity of PVDF membranes by decorating their surfaces with acrylic acid-modified nano-silica (NS) nanoparticles, whose surface stability is achieved by crosslinking them with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Three distinct oils were employed in this study for oil–water emulsion analysis: vegetable oil, diesel oil, and petroleum ether oil. The antifouling abilities and characterization were elucidated using advanced analytical techniques.

Significant findings

The membrane surface became hydrophilic, and the water contact angle reduced from 64 ± 1.45o to 24.3 ± 1.75o. The NS-PVA-PVDF membrane exhibited the oleophobic behavior underwater, with an underwater oil contact angle of 147.6 ± 2.65o. Under optimized conditions, the NS-PVA-PVDF membranes have shown excellent rejection efficiency for different oil-in-water emulsions, including vegetable oil (99.01± 0.64 %), diesel oil (94.61± 0.26 %), and petroleum ether oil-in-water (84.53 ± 0.85 %) emulsions. For a membrane with a 1:3 ratio of PVA to NS particles, organic foulants like humic acid and dye elucidated better performance with 94.79 ± 1.11 and 92.79 ± 1.41 % removal, respectively, along with the flux recovery ratio of 0.96 and 0.92 for humic acid and dye filtration with irreversible fouling of 0.03 and 0.08, respectively. However, the long-term analysis of the optimum membranes showed an overall stable rejection efficiency of >95 % compared with the pristine membrane. The specific rejection efficiency varied for oil emulsion (44.67–50.14 %), humic acid (59.55–67.75 %), and for dye filtration (61.52–73.5 %). These results verify the potential of the modified NS-PVA-PVDF membrane for oil–water separation for practical applications.

背景含油废水是造成水和环境污染的主要原因,但传统的处理方法复杂、效率低,而且只能处理水包油乳状液。方法介绍了一种提高 PVDF 膜亲水性的简单方法,即用丙烯酸修饰的纳米二氧化硅 (NS) 纳米颗粒装饰 PVDF 膜的表面,通过与聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 交联实现其表面稳定性。本研究采用了三种不同的油进行油水乳化分析:植物油、柴油和石油醚油。重要发现膜表面变得亲水,水接触角从 64 ± 1.45o 减小到 24.3 ± 1.75o。NS-PVA-PVDF 膜在水下表现出疏油性,水下油接触角为 147.6 ± 2.65o。在优化条件下,NS-PVA-PVDF 膜对不同的水包油乳状液(包括植物油(99.01± 0.64 %)、柴油(94.61± 0.26 %)和石油醚水包油(84.53± 0.85 %)乳状液)具有极佳的阻隔效率。对于 PVA 与 NS 颗粒比例为 1:3 的膜,腐植酸和染料等有机污物的去除率分别为 94.79 ± 1.11 % 和 92.79 ± 1.41 %,通量回收率分别为 0.96 和 0.92,不可逆污垢分别为 0.03 和 0.08。然而,对最佳膜的长期分析表明,与原始膜相比,总体稳定的截留效率为 95%。对于乳化油(44.67%-50.14%)、腐殖酸(59.55%-67.75%)和染料过滤(61.52%-73.5%),具体的排斥效率各不相同。这些结果验证了改性 NS-PVA-PVDF 膜在实际应用中进行油水分离的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Nanomaterials to prevent progression of glioblastoma multiforme from diabetes mellitus 防止多形性胶质母细胞瘤因糖尿病而恶化的纳米材料
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105637
Yung-Chih Kuo , Sourav De

Background

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most prevalent and deadly tumor in the central nervous system, posed a formidable challenge to healthcare. The prognosis revealed a varied and aggressive characters of malignancy to exacerbate GBM illness with comorbidities like diabetes mellitus (DM) for standard therapy. In addition, the differentiation of cancer stem cells and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) incited the major weakness of radiation and chemotherapy for GBM.

Methods

With the understanding that DM promoted GBM pathogenesis through mechanisms, such as inflammatory and immune responses, our research aimed to address this complex interplay through innovative nanotechnology. Leveraging the unique properties of biomaterials, including the ability to penetrate the BBB and to selectively conjugate tumor cells, we hypothesized that nanotherapeutics could construct a promising avenue for intervention of GBM with DM.

Significant findings

Nanomaterial-mediated release of chemotherapeutics surpassed the limitations of conventional preparation for GBM treatment, improved pharmacokinetics, and reduced systemic toxicity with better safety in GBM patients with DM. The strategy to retard GBM propagation focused on targeted delivery of pharmacotherapeutic agents across the BBB with nanoparticles, peptides and monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was treated with a variety of modalities. T2DM patients must receive strict antidiabetic medication when diet and exercise failed to control hyperglycemia. The main drawbacks of T2DM treatment were fast release and inadequate absorption of the medicine via oral administration, and an increase in the frequency of dose was required. Epidemiologic evidence indicated that GBM was associated with T2DM and with diabetes risk factors. Consensus of biomedical experts suggested the connection of GBM incidence to T2DM, including common pathologic factors in T2DM and GBM, influence of diabetes treatment on GBM risk, and possible biologic links between T2DM and GBM. To enhance bioactivity, biosafety and solubility, prolong release, and boost BBB permeability, biomaterial drug delivery system attracted strong attentions. Through investigating a series of in vitro and in vivo models, this study featured the panorama of recently developed nanocarriers to mitigate GBM evolution in diabetic population with minimized systemic side effects. We also evaluated the up-to-date studies, and emphasized the remained problems related to nano-preparation in clinical trials for GBM therapy.

背景多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是中枢神经系统中最常见、最致命的肿瘤,给医疗保健带来了巨大挑战。预后显示恶性肿瘤具有多种侵袭性特征,使 GBM 病情加重,并伴有糖尿病(DM)等合并症,无法进行标准治疗。此外,癌症干细胞的分化和血脑屏障(BBB)也是放疗和化疗治疗 GBM 的主要弱点。方法由于了解到 DM 通过炎症和免疫反应等机制促进了 GBM 的发病机制,我们的研究旨在通过创新纳米技术解决这一复杂的相互作用。重要发现纳米材料介导的化疗药物释放超越了传统制剂治疗 GBM 的局限性,改善了药代动力学,降低了全身毒性,对 DM GBM 患者具有更好的安全性。延缓 GBM 扩散的策略主要是利用纳米颗粒、多肽和单克隆抗体通过 BBB 靶向递送药物治疗剂。此外,2 型糖尿病(T2DM)的治疗方法多种多样。当饮食和运动无法控制高血糖时,2 型糖尿病患者必须接受严格的抗糖尿病药物治疗。T2DM 治疗的主要缺点是药物释放快,口服吸收不足,而且需要增加服药次数。流行病学证据表明,GBM 与 T2DM 和糖尿病风险因素有关。生物医学专家一致认为,GBM 的发病与 T2DM 有关,包括 T2DM 和 GBM 的共同病理因素、糖尿病治疗对 GBM 风险的影响以及 T2DM 和 GBM 之间可能存在的生物联系。为了提高药物的生物活性、生物安全性和溶解性,延长药物释放时间,增强BBB通透性,生物材料给药系统备受关注。本研究通过对一系列体外和体内模型的研究,展示了最新开发的纳米载体的全景,这些载体可在减轻全身副作用的同时缓解糖尿病人群的 GBM 演变。我们还对最新研究进行了评估,并强调了纳米制剂在 GBM 治疗临床试验中仍然存在的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and modeling study of isothermal VLE properties of the supercritical C3H8 + benzylamine mixture 超临界 C3H8 + 苄胺混合物等温 VLE 特性的实验和模型研究
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105624
Ilnar Sh. Khabriev , Vener F. Khairutdinov , Talgat R. Akhmetzyanov , Ilya Polishuk , Ilmutdin M. Abdulagatov

Backgrounds

For the design and development of a method utilizing SC C3H8 for the chemical synthesis like the production of active pharma ingredients (pharmaceutical applications) and crop protection agents, it is essential to understand the solubility and other properties of benzylamine as an industrial important compound in the SC C3H8.

Methods

A high-temperature and high-pressure optical cell has been used to measure the phase equilibrium properties (PTxy) of the binary SC C3H8 + benzylamine mixture. The experimental and modeling studies of the isothermal VLE properties (solubility, PTxy relationship) of benzylamine in the supercritical (SC) C3H8 along the four selected constant temperatures of (393.15, 413.15, 433.15, and 473.15) K over the pressure range from (0.9 to 9.5) MPa have been performed in the present work.

Significant Findings

It was found the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Association Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) is less accurate than its Critical Point-based revision (CP-PC-SAFT) in predicting the new VLE data in the C3H8 + benzylamine binary system with k12 = 0. Both models substantially deviate from the bubble point data at pressures below 2 MPa.

背景为了设计和开发利用 SC C3H8 进行化学合成(如生产活性药物成分(制药应用)和作物保护剂)的方法,有必要了解苄胺这种工业上的重要化合物在 SC C3H8 中的溶解度和其他性质。方法采用高温高压光学池测量二元 SC C3H8 + 苄胺混合物的相平衡性质(PTxy)。本研究对超临界(SC)C3H8 中苄胺的等温 VLE 特性(溶解度、PTxy 关系)进行了实验和建模研究,所选温度为 (393.15、413.15、433.15 和 473.15) K,压力范围为 (0.9 至 9.5) MPa。研究发现,在预测 k12 = 0 的 C3H8 + 苄胺二元体系的新 VLE 数据时,扰动链统计关联流体理论(PC-SAFT)的准确性低于其基于临界点的修正版(CP-PC-SAFT)。
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引用次数: 0
Improving separation of sphalerite and galena by surface oxidation behavior regulation using calcium lentisulfonate as depressant 以五味子磺酸钙作为抑制剂,通过表面氧化行为调节改善闪锌矿和方铅矿的分离效果
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105633
Linquan Dai , Bo Feng , Yutao Guo

Background

Sphalerite and galena often exist in mixed form and are difficult to separate effectively. The effect of surface oxidation behavior regulation on the depression of calcium lentisulfonate (CLS) was studied in galena and sphalerite.

Methods

Flotation experiment, contact angle experiment, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and microcalorimetric experiment were used to study the effect and mechanism of modulation of surface oxidation behaviour on CLS on the depression of galena flotation.

Significant findings

The results show that CLS can depress both galena and sphalerite. The oxidizing agent H2O2 oxidizes galena significantly faster than sphalerite. The treatment with H2O2 induces the formation of more oxidation products, such as PbSO4, on the surface of galena, enhances the adsorption of CLS and makes the surface of galena hydrophilic, thus reducing the recovery of galena in the flotation process. On the other hand, the treatment of the activator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) reduces the amount of oxidation products ZnSO4 on the sphalerite surface, and CLS loses the active site that can be adsorbed on the galena surface, making the galena surface hydrophilic. In view of the huge hydrophobicity difference between sphalerite and galena, flotation separation is achieved.

背景闪锌矿和方铅矿经常以混合形式存在,难以有效分离。方法采用浮选实验、接触角实验、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析和微量热实验等方法,研究CLS表面氧化行为调控对方铅矿和闪锌矿浮选抑制作用的影响和机制。氧化剂 H2O2 对方铅矿的氧化速度明显快于闪锌矿。用 H2O2 处理会促使方铅矿表面形成更多的氧化产物,如 PbSO4,增强 CLS 的吸附性,使方铅矿表面亲水,从而降低浮选过程中方铅矿的回收率。另一方面,活化剂乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)的处理减少了闪锌矿表面氧化产物 ZnSO4 的数量,CLS 失去了可吸附在方铅矿表面的活性位点,使方铅矿表面亲水。鉴于闪锌矿和方铅矿之间巨大的疏水性差异,浮选分离得以实现。
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引用次数: 0
Thermophysical properties of lidocaine:thymol or l-menthol eutectic mixtures 利多卡因:百里酚或 l-薄荷醇共晶混合物的热物理性质
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105631
María Molero-Sangüesa , Isabel Jiménez-Omeñaca , Fernando Bergua , Héctor Artigas , Carlos Lafuente , Manuela Artal

Backgrounds

A key objective of green chemistry is to obtain a broad database of thermophysical properties of liquid mixtures. Thus, the replacement of conventional solvents with ecological ones will be facilitated.

Methods

Herein, two eutectic systems with therapeutic properties are characterized. They are binary mixtures of lidocaine and thymol or l-menthol. Properties as solid-liquid equilibrium, density, speed of sound, refractive index, isobaric molar heat capacity, surface tension, and viscosity were determined at 0.1 MPa and several temperatures. From them, others derivatives were calculated. In addition, the phase diagram was correlated with NRTL model and the density and isobaric molar heat capacity were modelled with PC-SAFT equation of state.

Significant findings

Although the mixtures with l-menthol were almost ideal, a complex diagram owing the presence of stable and metastable phases. For these mixtures, the values of all measured properties were lower than those with thymol. Results indicated that PC-SAFT can be used to predict the thermodynamic behaviour of both systems in any working condition.

背景绿色化学的一个重要目标是获得有关液体混合物热物理性质的广泛数据库。方法本文描述了两种具有治疗特性的共晶体系。它们是利多卡因和百里酚或 l-薄荷醇的二元混合物。在 0.1 兆帕和多个温度下测定了固液平衡、密度、声速、折射率、等压摩尔热容、表面张力和粘度等特性。并由此计算出其他导数。此外,相图与 NRTL 模型相关联,密度和等压摩尔热容则用 PC-SAFT 状态方程建模。在这些混合物中,所有测量值都低于百里酚的测量值。结果表明,PC-SAFT 可用于预测这两种体系在任何工作条件下的热力学行为。
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引用次数: 0
Agro-waste derived sulfonated biochar material as a sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 农业废弃物衍生的磺化生物炭材料作为果糖转化为 5-羟甲基糠醛的可持续异相催化剂
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105632
Sudem Borgayary , Dulu Brahma , Riu Riu Wary , Anamika Baishya , Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum , Pranjal Kalita

Background

Development of biomass derived solid acid catalysts has the advantage to conform the green chemistry protocol for production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) by dehydration of fructose.

Method

We have reported waste cashew nut shell produced char as a biochar to prepare sulfonated biochar (SBC) catalyst by incorporating –SO3H group through treatment of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Significant findings

Different methods of characterization including XRD, FT-IR, XPS, FESEM-EDS, TEM, TPD and BET analysis, were used to study the structure, morphology, chemical compositions, acidity and porosity of the produced SBC catalysts. The mesoporous nature of the material was confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction patterns (PXRD), type IV isotherm (BET), and flakes-like structure was observed in TEM analysis. The catalyst showed high yield of HMF (92%) under optimum conditions of 120 °C in 60 min under biphasic solvent mixture of water and toluene (1:2). High yield could be explained by high acid strength of catalyst as observed by NH3-TPD analysis. Leaching test by Sheldon's method and recyclability experiment proved the need and heterogeneity of the present catalyst.

背景生物质衍生固体酸催化剂的开发具有符合通过果糖脱水生产 5-羟甲基糠醛 (HMF) 的绿色化学规程的优势。方法我们报道了废弃腰果壳产生的炭作为生物炭,通过浓硫酸处理加入 -SO3H 基团制备磺化生物炭 (SBC) 催化剂。重要发现采用不同的表征方法,包括 XRD、傅立叶变换红外光谱、XPS、FESEM-EDS、TEM、TPD 和 BET 分析,研究了所制备 SBC 催化剂的结构、形态、化学成分、酸度和孔隙率。粉末 X 射线衍射图(PXRD)和 IV 型等温线(BET)证实了材料的介孔性质,而 TEM 分析则观察到了片状结构。在水和甲苯(1:2)的双相混合溶剂中,催化剂在 120 °C、60 分钟的最佳条件下显示出较高的 HMF 收率(92%)。通过 NH3-TPD 分析,催化剂的高酸强度可以解释高产率的原因。用谢尔顿法进行的浸出测试和可回收性实验证明了该催化剂的必要性和异质性。
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引用次数: 0
Reliable identification based intelligent PID tuning for long-period process control under different working conditions 基于可靠识别的智能 PID 调节,适用于不同工作条件下的长周期过程控制
IF 5.5 3区 工程技术 Q1 Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105630
Jianqiao Zhou, Zhu Wang, Xionglin Luo

Background

Chemical process models change frequently with operating conditions. However, the industry mostly adopts an off-line calibration and online fixed value commissioning scheme, which can be difficult to maintain control quality. Therefore, a long-cycle online intelligent PID controller calibration scheme is necessary.

Methods

Firstly, a high-order linear dynamic model is used as the identification model, and online recursive identification technology is utilized. Secondly, a comprehensive performance index is selected to ensure both stability and rapidity of dynamic transitions. Finally, the slow rate updated PID parameters are obtained during the process control, and the Levy Memory Particle Swarm Optimization (LMPSO) search is applied to harvest the optimal solution.

Significant findings

This paper has presented an intelligent PID tuning method based on reliable identification technology. The main contributions include: (i) By using Lyapunov theory, the boundedness of identification error using the proposed algorithm is guaranteed; (ii) The LMPSO algorithm is proposed to enhance global search capability and search efficiency; (iii) A novel optimization scheme is proposed for a full-process online closed-loop intelligent PID controller. The scheme aims to improve the industrial controller's performance without altering its structure.

背景化学工艺模型会随着操作条件的变化而频繁变化。然而,业界大多采用离线校准和在线定值调试方案,难以保证控制质量。方法首先,采用高阶线性动态模型作为识别模型,并利用在线递归识别技术。其次,选择一个综合性能指标来确保动态转换的稳定性和快速性。最后,在过程控制过程中获得慢速更新的 PID 参数,并应用列维记忆粒子群优化(LMPSO)搜索获得最优解。主要贡献包括(i) 利用 Lyapunov 理论,保证了所提出算法的识别误差有界;(ii) 提出了 LMPSO 算法,以提高全局搜索能力和搜索效率;(iii) 针对全过程在线闭环智能 PID 控制器提出了一种新的优化方案。该方案旨在不改变工业控制器结构的情况下提高其性能。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
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