A genome catalogue of mercury-methylating bacteria and archaea from sediments of a boreal river facing human disturbances

IF 4.3 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Environmental microbiology Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.16669
Charlène Lawruk-Desjardins, Veronika Storck, Dominic E. Ponton, Marc Amyot, David A. Walsh
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Abstract

Methyl mercury, a toxic compound, is produced by anaerobic microbes and magnifies in aquatic food webs, affecting the health of animals and humans. The exploration of mercury methylators based on genomes is still limited, especially in the context of river ecosystems. To address this knowledge gap, we developed a genome catalogue of potential mercury-methylating microorganisms. This was based on the presence of hgcAB from the sediments of a river affected by two run-of-river hydroelectric dams, logging activities and a wildfire. Through the use of genome-resolved metagenomics, we discovered a unique and diverse group of mercury methylators. These were dominated by members of the metabolically versatile Bacteroidota and were particularly rich in microbes that ferment butyrate. By comparing the diversity and abundance of mercury methylators between sites subjected to different disturbances, we found that ongoing disturbances, such as the input of organic matter related to logging activities, were particularly conducive to the establishment of a mercury-methylating niche. Finally, to gain a deeper understanding of the environmental factors that shape the diversity of mercury methylators, we compared the mercury-methylating genome catalogue with the broader microbial community. The results suggest that mercury methylators respond to environmental conditions in a manner similar to the overall microbial community. Therefore, it is crucial to interpret the diversity and abundance of mercury methylators within their specific ecological context.

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面临人类干扰的北方河流沉积物中汞甲基化细菌和古细菌的基因组目录
甲基汞是一种有毒化合物,由厌氧微生物产生,并在水生食物网中放大,影响动物和人类的健康。基于基因组对汞甲基化物的探索仍然有限,尤其是在河流生态系统中。为了填补这一知识空白,我们开发了潜在汞甲基化微生物的基因组目录。该目录是根据受两座径流式水电站大坝、伐木活动和一场野火影响的河流沉积物中存在的 hgcAB 而编制的。通过使用基因组解析元基因组学,我们发现了一个独特而多样的汞甲基化群体。这些微生物以代谢多变的类杆菌科成员为主,尤其富含发酵丁酸盐的微生物。通过比较不同干扰地点汞甲基化器的多样性和丰度,我们发现持续的干扰,如与伐木活动有关的有机物输入,特别有利于汞甲基化生态位的建立。最后,为了更深入地了解形成汞甲基化生物多样性的环境因素,我们将汞甲基化基因组目录与更广泛的微生物群落进行了比较。结果表明,汞甲基化基因组对环境条件的反应方式与整个微生物群落类似。因此,在特定的生态环境中解释汞甲基化物的多样性和丰度至关重要。
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来源期刊
Environmental microbiology
Environmental microbiology 环境科学-微生物学
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
427
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens
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