Vaporized Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure in utero has negative effects on attention in a dose- and sex-dependent manner

IF 3.3 3区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI:10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173808
Samantha L. Penman , Nicole M. Roeder , Jia Wang , Brittany J. Richardson , Lily Freeman-Striegel , Alexis Krayevsky , Rina D. Eiden , Saptarshi Chakraborty , Panayotis K. Thanos
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Abstract

There has been an increasing use of cannabis during pregnancy in recent years. Studies have indicated that THC exposure in utero may increase the risk of attention deficits and memory impairments in adolescence. The goal of the present study is to investigate the effects of vaporized THC exposure during pregnancy on offspring memory and attention performance in early and late adolescence. Pregnant dams were exposed to vaporized THC (10 mg or 40 mg) daily from gestational day 2 until labor. Pups were given either a standard or a high-fat diet at weaning and tested in early and late adolescence in two memory tests, the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test and the Morris Water Maze (MWM) test, and a test of attention, the Object-Based Attention (OBA) test. Rats exposed to low-dose THC showed significantly decreased object exploration in both the NOR and OBA tests, indicating decreased attention. Object exploration time in OBA was significantly lower in females than males. Additionally, post hoc analysis of MWM tests showed some differences in learning patterns for HD THC offspring in early adolescence, possibly due to diet interaction, but ultimate performance was not impacted. While there are existing studies examining prenatal exposure to THC in rodents, this is the first to our knowledge examining memory and attention in adolescence following vaporized THC exposure in utero, and we find indications that prenatal THC exposure may lead to attention deficits and altered memory performance.

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在子宫内接触蒸发的Δ9-四氢大麻酚会对注意力产生负面影响,这种影响与剂量和性别有关。
近年来,孕期使用大麻的情况越来越多。研究表明,在子宫内接触四氢大麻酚可能会增加青春期注意力缺陷和记忆障碍的风险。本研究的目的是调查孕期接触蒸发四氢大麻酚对后代青春期早期和晚期记忆力和注意力表现的影响。从妊娠第2天开始,孕妇每天接触蒸发的四氢大麻酚(10毫克或40毫克),直到分娩。幼鼠断奶时食用标准或高脂肪食物,并在青春期早期和晚期进行两项记忆测试:新物体识别(NOR)测试和莫里斯水迷宫(MWM)测试,以及一项注意力测试:基于物体的注意力(OBA)测试。暴露于低剂量四氢大麻酚的大鼠在NOR和OBA测试中探索物体的次数明显减少,这表明大鼠的注意力下降。雌性大鼠在 OBA 中探索物体的时间明显少于雄性大鼠。此外,对MWM测试的事后分析表明,可能由于饮食的相互作用,HD THC后代在青春期早期的学习模式存在一些差异,但最终的表现并未受到影响。虽然已有研究对啮齿类动物产前暴露于四氢大麻酚的情况进行了研究,但据我们所知,这是首次对宫内暴露于蒸发四氢大麻酚后的青少年记忆和注意力进行研究,我们发现有迹象表明,产前暴露于四氢大麻酚可能会导致注意力缺陷和记忆表现的改变。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
2.80%
发文量
122
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior publishes original reports in the areas of pharmacology and biochemistry in which the primary emphasis and theoretical context are behavioral. Contributions may involve clinical, preclinical, or basic research. Purely biochemical or toxicology studies will not be published. Papers describing the behavioral effects of novel drugs in models of psychiatric, neurological and cognitive disorders, and central pain must include a positive control unless the paper is on a disease where such a drug is not available yet. Papers focusing on physiological processes (e.g., peripheral pain mechanisms, body temperature regulation, seizure activity) are not accepted as we would like to retain the focus of Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior on behavior and its interaction with the biochemistry and neurochemistry of the central nervous system. Papers describing the effects of plant materials are generally not considered, unless the active ingredients are studied, the extraction method is well described, the doses tested are known, and clear and definite experimental evidence on the mechanism of action of the active ingredients is provided.
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