Global carbon emission accounting: national-level assessment of wildfire CO2 emission – a case study of China

IF 5.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI:10.5194/egusphere-2024-1684
Xuehong Gong, Zeyu Liu, Jie Tian, Qiyuan Wang, Guohui Li, Zhisheng An, Yongming Han
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Abstract

Abstract. Wildfires release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, exacerbating climate change and causing severe impacts on air quality and human health. Including carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from wildfires in international assessments and national emission reduction responsibilities is crucial for global carbon reduction and environmental governance. In this study, based on a bottom-up approach and using satellite data, combined with emission factor and aboveground biomass data for different vegetation cover types (forest, shrub, grassland, cropland), the dynamic changes in CO2 emissions from wildfires in China from 2001 to 2022 were analyzed. The results showed that between 2001 and 2022, the total CO2 emissions from wildfires in China were 693.7 Tg (1 Tg = 1012 g), with an annual average of 31.5 Tg. The CO2 emissions from cropland and forest fires were relatively high, accounting for 46 % and 32 %, respectively. The yearly variation in CO2 emissions from forest and shrub fires showed a significant downward trend, while emissions from grassland fires remained relatively stable. In contrast, the CO2 emissions from cropland fires showed a clear upward trend. High CO2 emissions from wildfires were mainly concentrated in the eastern regions of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia Provinces in China, accounting for 44 % of the total annual emissions. Various factors such as daily cumulative sunshine hours (Spearman’s correlation coefficient, forest: -0.41, shrub:0.25; p < 0.001) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI; Spearman’s correlation coefficient, forest: -0.35, shrub: 0.37; p < 0.001), influenced CO2 emissions from forest and shrub fires. Moreover, temperature (Spearman’s correlation coefficient, -0.45, p < 0.001) primarily affected CO2 emissions from grassland fires. The CO2 emissions from cropland fires negatively correlated with the gross domestic product (GDP) (Spearman’s correlation coefficient, -0.52, p < 0.001) and population density (Spearman’s correlation coefficient, -0.51, p < 0.001). China's policy management has been crucial in reducing CO2 emissions from wildfires. By accurately assessing CO2 emissions from wildfires, governments worldwide can better set CO2 reduction targets, take corresponding measures, and contribute to the global response to climate change.
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全球碳排放核算:国家层面的野火二氧化碳排放评估--中国案例研究
摘要野火会向大气释放大量温室气体,加剧气候变化,对空气质量和人类健康造成严重影响。将野火产生的二氧化碳(CO2)排放纳入国际评估和国家减排责任,对于全球碳减排和环境治理至关重要。本研究采用自下而上的方法,利用卫星数据,结合不同植被类型(森林、灌木、草地、耕地)的排放因子和地上生物量数据,分析了 2001 年至 2022 年中国野外火灾二氧化碳排放的动态变化。结果表明,2001 年至 2022 年,中国野外火灾产生的二氧化碳排放总量为 693.7 吨(1 吨 = 1012 克),年均 31.5 吨。耕地和森林火灾的二氧化碳排放量相对较高,分别占 46% 和 32%。森林和灌木林火灾的二氧化碳排放量年变化呈显著下降趋势,而草地火灾的排放量则相对稳定。相比之下,耕地火灾的二氧化碳排放量呈明显上升趋势。野火产生的高二氧化碳排放量主要集中在中国东部地区的黑龙江省和内蒙古自治区,占全年总排放量的 44%。日累积日照时数(斯皮尔曼相关系数,森林:-0.41,灌木:0.25;p < 0.001)和归一化差异植被指数(NDVI;斯皮尔曼相关系数,森林:-0.35,灌木:0.25;p < 0.001)等因素与野火的二氧化碳排放量呈显著的正相关关系:-0.35,灌木:0.37;p <;0.001)影响森林和灌木火灾的二氧化碳排放量。此外,温度(Spearman 相关系数,-0.45,p < 0.001)主要影响草原火灾的二氧化碳排放量。耕地火灾的二氧化碳排放量与国内生产总值(GDP)(Spearman相关系数,-0.52,p <0.001)和人口密度(Spearman相关系数,-0.51,p <0.001)呈负相关。中国的政策管理对减少野火产生的二氧化碳排放至关重要。通过准确评估野火产生的二氧化碳排放量,世界各国政府可以更好地制定二氧化碳减排目标,采取相应措施,为全球应对气候变化做出贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
20.60%
发文量
702
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of high-quality studies investigating the Earth''s atmosphere and the underlying chemical and physical processes. It covers the altitude range from the land and ocean surface up to the turbopause, including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. The main subject areas comprise atmospheric modelling, field measurements, remote sensing, and laboratory studies of gases, aerosols, clouds and precipitation, isotopes, radiation, dynamics, biosphere interactions, and hydrosphere interactions. The journal scope is focused on studies with general implications for atmospheric science rather than investigations that are primarily of local or technical interest.
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