Sex-specific impact of inflammation on traditional cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in axial spondyloarthritis. A multicentre study of 913 patients.
Ivan Ferraz-Amaro, Fernanda Genre, Ricardo Blanco, Vanesa Calvo-Rio, Cristina Corrales-Selaya, Virginia Portilla, Elena Aurrecoechea, Ricardo Batanero, Vanesa Hernández-Hernández, Juan Carlos Quevedo-Abeledo, Carlos Rodríguez-Lozano, Clementina López-Medina, Lourdes Ladehesa-Pineda, Santos Castañeda, Esther F Vicente-Rabaneda, Cristina Fernández-Carballido, María Paz Martínez Vidal, David Castro Corredor, Joaquín Anino Fernández, Diana Peiteado, Chamaida Plasencia-Rodriguez, Rosa Expósito, Maria Luz Garcia Vivar, Eva Galíndez-Agirregoikoa, Nuria Vegas, Irati Urionagüena, Esther Montes-Perez, Miguel A Gonzalez-Gay, Javier Rueda-Gotor
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: The nature of the relationship between inflammation, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and atherosclerosis in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) remains largely unknown and sex differences in this regard are yet to be assessed.
Methods: Study including 611 men and 302 women from the Spanish multicentre AtheSpAin cohort to assess CV disease in axSpA. Data on CV disease risk factors were collected both at disease diagnosis and at enrolment, and data on disease activity, functional indices and carotid ultrasonography only at enrolment.
Results: After a median disease duration of 9 years, patients of both sexes who at disease diagnosis had elevated acute phase reactants (APRs), more frequently had hypertension and obesity. The same occurred with dyslipidaemia in men and with diabetes mellitus in women. At enrolment, CV risk factors were independently associated with APR and with activity and functional indices, with various sex differences. C reactive protein (CRP) values were inversely associated with HDL-cholesterol in men (β coefficient: -1.2 (95% CI: -0.3 to -0.07) mg/dL, p=0.001), while erythrocyte sedimentation rate values were positively associated with triglycerides in women (β coefficient: 0.6 (95% CI: 0.04 to 1) mg/dL, p=0.035). Furthermore, only women showed an independent relationship between insulin resistance parameters and APR or disease activity. Both men and women with high-very high CV risk according to the Systematic Assessment of Coronary Risk Evaluation 2 and CRP levels higher than 3 mg/L at diagnosis of the disease presented carotid plaques significantly more frequently than those with normal CRP levels at disease diagnosis.
Conclusion: Inflammation is associated with atherosclerosis and CV disease in axSpA. A gender-driven effect is observed in this relationship.
期刊介绍:
RMD Open publishes high quality peer-reviewed original research covering the full spectrum of musculoskeletal disorders, rheumatism and connective tissue diseases, including osteoporosis, spine and rehabilitation. Clinical and epidemiological research, basic and translational medicine, interesting clinical cases, and smaller studies that add to the literature are all considered.