Plasmon-Accelerated Electrocatalysis Based on Gold Nanostructures for Electrochemical Reactions and Biosensing Applications: A Review

Abstract

The integration of plasmonic effects in nano electrocatalysis has emerged as a promising avenue for advancing biosensing and energy production technologies. Termed “direct plasmon-accelerated electrocatalysis (PAE)”, this innovative approach harnesses the synergistic interplay between plasmonic materials and electrocatalysts to enhance the efficiency and selectivity of electrochemical processes. By leveraging the unique optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticles, specifically localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), coupled with their ability to modulate the local electromagnetic field and promote hot charge transfer, this novel concept holds significant potential for driving advancements in biosensing applications and sustainable energy generation. Moreover, efficiency is ultimately and firmly dependent on the composition and structure of plasmonic metal nanomaterials and their surroundings. Scientists all over the world have done significant research, both theoretical and experimental, on how light interacts with metal nanoparticles to create stronger effects. This opens up a new challenge: combining this with nanoscale electrochemistry to make even more powerful applications. Within this article, we embark on a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental principles, intricate mechanisms, and the latest advancements in direct plasmon-accelerated electrocatalysis by gold nanostructures (Au NSs). Our aim is to provide a deeper understanding of how this technology extends its influence across diverse domains encompassing electrochemical reactions and biosensing applications enhanced by plasmonics. Additionally, we engage in a candid discussion regarding the persistent challenges and the promising avenues that lie ahead, painting a vivid picture of future opportunities in this exciting field.