Dental remains of Plio–Pleistocene Cercopithecidae (Mammalia: Primates) from Romania

IF 3.1 1区 地球科学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Journal of Human Evolution Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103544
Cristina Stan , Virgil Drăgușin , Ștefan Vasile , Márton Venczel , Claire E. Terhune
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Abstract

The superfamily Cercopithecoidea had a broad spatial distribution and occupied a wide variety of habitats across Europe from the Late Miocene until the Middle Pleistocene. Cercopithecines, such as macaques, showed more flexibility in habitat preferences, whereas colobines tended to be more sensitive to environmental differences. In Romania, only a few Pliocene and Pleistocene fossil sites have yielded primate remains. In this paper, we revise selected specimens previously listed in site reviews, and we describe several unpublished specimens from the Plio–Pleistocene fossil localities of Berești (Mammal Neogene [MN], MN14–MN15), Mălușteni (MN14), Ciuperceni-2 (MN15b), and Betfia (MN18). For each, we provide detailed descriptions, comparisons to other relevant material, and updated taxonomic assignments. We also present an updated biochronology and provide a paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on the taxonomic composition of the faunal assemblages described from these primate localities. The colobine monkey Dolichopithecus ruscinensis, from Berești, Mălușteni, and Ciuperceni-2, was present during the Early Pliocene in Romania. Mesopithecus monspessulanus is also known from Mălușteni, as is Paradolichopithecus sp. The Early Pleistocene site Betfia yielded a molar germ (in crypt; Betfia-XIII) and a deciduous premolar (Betfia-IX), both belonging to a Macaca sylvanus subspecies. Macaca sylvanus ssp. occurrences from Betfia-XIII and Betfia-IX offer an important perspective for understanding the chronostratigraphic range and geographic distribution of this species during the Early Pleistocene. The paleoenvironmental descriptions from Ciuperceni-2 show that primates were distributed in a mosaic habitat, with open and forested areas and a warm Mediterranean climate. This differs from Mălușteni, Berești, and Betfia, where a dry continental phase with an open landscape is inferred. Our review of paleoenvironmental conditions of Romanian primate localities provides a paleoecological framework for understanding the habitat preferences of extinct primates.

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罗马尼亚上新世栉齿科(哺乳纲:灵长目)的牙齿遗骸
从晚中新世到中更新世,猕猴科超科动物在欧洲有着广泛的空间分布,占据着各种各样的栖息地。猕猴等栉猴科动物对栖息地的偏好更具灵活性,而疣猴科动物则对环境差异更为敏感。在罗马尼亚,只有少数上新世和更新世的化石遗址出土了灵长类动物的遗骸。在本文中,我们对之前在遗址回顾中列出的部分标本进行了修订,并描述了来自 Berești (哺乳动物新世 [MN],MN14-MN15)、Mălușteni(MN14)、Ciuperceni-2(MN15b)和 Betfia(MN18)等上新世-更新世化石地点的几个未发表的标本。我们对每种生物都进行了详细描述,与其他相关材料进行了比较,并更新了分类分配。我们还介绍了最新的生物年代学,并根据这些灵长类地点所描述的动物群落的分类组成重建了古环境。来自 Berești、Mălușteni 和 Ciuperceni-2 的疣猴 Dolichopithecus ruscinensis 出现在罗马尼亚的早上新世。早更新世遗址 Betfia 发现了一颗臼齿胚芽(在隐窝中;Betfia-XIII)和一颗落叶前臼齿(Betfia-IX),它们都属于 Macaca sylvanus 亚种。Betfia-XIII 和 Betfia-IX 发现的猕猴亚种为了解该物种在早更新世的年代地层范围和地理分布提供了一个重要的视角。来自 Ciuperceni-2 的古环境描述表明,灵长类动物分布在一个马赛克栖息地,有开阔地和森林地带,气候为温暖的地中海气候。这与默鲁兹泰尼、贝雷兹蒂和贝特菲亚的情况不同,在这些地方,推断出的是干燥的大陆阶段和开阔的地貌。我们对罗马尼亚灵长类动物栖息地古环境条件的回顾为了解已灭绝灵长类动物的栖息地偏好提供了一个古生态学框架。
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来源期刊
Journal of Human Evolution
Journal of Human Evolution 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
15.60%
发文量
104
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Human Evolution concentrates on publishing the highest quality papers covering all aspects of human evolution. The central focus is aimed jointly at paleoanthropological work, covering human and primate fossils, and at comparative studies of living species, including both morphological and molecular evidence. These include descriptions of new discoveries, interpretative analyses of new and previously described material, and assessments of the phylogeny and paleobiology of primate species. Submissions should address issues and questions of broad interest in paleoanthropology.
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