Revealing the effect of sea buckthorn oil, fish oil and structured lipid on intestinal microbiota, colonic short chain fatty acid composition and serum lipid profiles in vivo

IF 4.8 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Natural Products and Bioprospecting Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI:10.1007/s13659-024-00461-z

Ankang Song, Yanbo Li, Wei Wang, Yueqi Hu, Junjie Xu, Zhixin Xu, Li Zhou, Jikai Liu

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Abstract

In this study, the effects of sea buckthorn oil (SBO), fish oil (FO) and an enzymatically synthesized structured lipid (SL) on serum, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and intestinal microbiota in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were investigated. The results demonstrated that FO, SBO, and SL effectively reduced the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum of SD rats. SBO increased serum triglyceride levels, while FO elevated total cholesterol levels. Furthermore, all three dietary lipids decreased short-chain fatty acid production and enhanced intestinal microbiota diversity. FO increased the abundance of intestinal microbiota including Romboutsia, Lactobacillus, Escherichia-Shigella, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. Conversely, all three dietary lipids reduced the abundance of Klebsiella and Blautia. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the functionality of SBO and FO as well as their potential application in synthesizing novel SLs to regulate intestinal microbiota.

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揭示沙棘油、鱼油和结构脂对体内肠道微生物群、结肠短链脂肪酸组成和血清脂质的影响。

本研究调查了沙棘油（SBO）、鱼油（FO）和酶法合成的结构脂（SL）对斯布拉格-道利（SD）大鼠血清、短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，FO、SBO 和 SL 能有效降低 SD 大鼠血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平。SBO 增加了血清甘油三酯水平，而 FO 则增加了总胆固醇水平。此外，这三种膳食脂质都减少了短链脂肪酸的产生，并提高了肠道微生物群的多样性。膳食脂增加了肠道微生物群的丰度，包括伦博氏菌、乳酸杆菌、志贺氏杆菌和拉赫诺斯弧菌_NK4A136_组。相反，所有三种膳食脂质都会减少克雷伯氏菌和布劳氏菌的数量。这些发现为了解 SBO 和 FO 的功能以及它们在合成新型 SLs 以调节肠道微生物群方面的潜在应用奠定了基础。

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