Evaluation of size–segregated bioaerosols concentration, deposition fraction and inhalation dose in individuals of an educational institute: a case study for health risk assessment
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Abstract
Bioaerosols, airborne biological particles, are present ubiquitously in nature. When inhaled, ingested, or exposed to the skin, can pose various health risks. Bioaerosols sampling is crucial for educational institutes in view of high occupancy, long exposure duration and proximity between occupants. A comprehensive study was designed to determine size-segregated bioaerosols concentration, size-wise deposition fraction, and the dose inhaled by the exposed population. The bacterial and fungal bioaerosols concentrations were measured at 4 locations viz. undergraduate laboratory (IN 1), Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Laboratory (IN 2), college nursery (OUT 1) and open cafeteria (OUT 2). Sampling was conducted using a 6-stage viable Andersen cascade impactor and culturable bioaerosols were counted by colony counting method. The highest average concentrations of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols were found in IN 1 and OUT 1. The bioaerosols concentration was influenced by a complex interplay of factors, majorly including ventilation, footfall, occupancy, and surrounding vegetation. The size distribution analysis showed that a significant portion was in the respirable size range (< 4.5 μm), capable of reaching the lower respiratory tract and causing potential health issues. The dosimetry modelling further assisted in predicting the bioaerosols dose deposition in different regions of the human respiratory tract. Subsequently, to discern the connection between bioaerosols exposure and respiratory ailments, bioaerosols exposure awareness and health survey was conducted for individuals in the vicinity of sampling locations. The knowledge garnered from the study can make the basis for the health risk assessment due to bioaerosols exposure in educational environments to appraise potential health hazards.
期刊介绍：
Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health.
It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes.
International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements.
This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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