Intrinsic Motivation During Adulthood: A Further Evaluation of the Integrative Theory of Intrinsic Motivation

IF 1.8 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Journal of Adult Development Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1007/s10804-024-09487-6
Alan S. Waterman, Seth J. Schwartz
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Abstract

A set of hypotheses derived from the integrative theory of intrinsic motivation was evaluated with a sample of 607 adults. Three adult age groups were compared with respect to two sets of variables associated with intrinsic motivation. One set of measures pertained to four predictive characteristics of intrinsic motivation: self-determination, developing competence in the form of a balance of challenges and skills, self-realization values, and engaged performance in the form of effort. The second set related to four subjective experiences associated with intrinsic motivation: interest, flow experiences, feelings of personal expressiveness, and hedonic enjoyment. A brief version of the Personally Expressive Activities Questionnaire was used to assess these variables. Significant positive associations were found for inter-relationships among the predictive characteristics, among the subjective experience variables, and between the predictive characteristics and the subjective experiences. Further, there was a cumulative impact of the predictive characteristics for their relationships with each of the subjective experiences of intrinsic motivation. These relationships held for each of the three age groups, with minimal evidence of differences in the strength of the relationships by age group. This indicates that adults, across these age groups, experience intrinsic motivation when the predictor variables are present at high levels. The findings here are compared with earlier research conducted with emerging adult college student samples.

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成年期的内在动机:对内在动机综合理论的进一步评估
通过对 607 名成年人进行抽样调查,对从内在动机综合理论中得出的一系列假设进行了评估。比较了三个年龄组与内在动机相关的两组变量。一组测量涉及内在动机的四个预测特征:自我决定、以挑战和技能平衡的形式发展能力、自我实现的价值观以及以努力的形式参与表现。第二组涉及与内在动机相关的四种主观体验:兴趣、流动体验、个人表现力感受和享乐享受。个人表现性活动问卷的简短版本被用来评估这些变量。结果发现,预测特征之间、主观体验变量之间以及预测特征与主观体验之间的相互关系均呈显著的正相关。此外,预测特征与内在动机的每种主观体验之间的关系也有累积影响。这些关系在三个年龄组中的每一个年龄组中都存在,而且不同年龄组之间的关系强度差异极小。这表明,当预测变量达到较高水平时,这些年龄组的成年人都会体验到内在动机。本文的研究结果与早先对新兴成人大学生样本进行的研究结果进行了比较。
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来源期刊
Journal of Adult Development
Journal of Adult Development PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: The Journal of Adult Development is an interdisciplinary journal covering development in early adulthood, midlife, and later adulthood. The Journal supports innovative theoretical and empirical articles that help direct the future of our field. Critical issues include the importance of life-long education, work and family changes, and physical and mental health influencing adult development. In addition, the impact of personality, emotions, cognition, and biomarkers are areas of interest. The Journal of Adult Development emphasizes the importance of interindividual differences and contextual issues influencing adult development. Interventions that promote optimal development throughout the adult life span are also welcome.
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