{"title":"Effects of Zn2+ substitution on the dielectric properties, chemical bonding properties, and crystal structure of Mg3(PO4)2 ceramics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of (Mg<sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>Zn<sub><em>x</em></sub>)<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (<em>x</em><span><span> = 0.02–0.10) microwave dielectric ceramics were fabricated by the solid-state reaction method and investigated in terms of crystal structure, chemical bond properties, and </span>dielectric properties<span> were analyzed. The XRD data indicates that (Mg</span></span><sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>Zn<sub><em>x</em></sub>)<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> samples belong to the monoclinic crystal with <em>P</em>2<sub>1</sub><span><span>/c space group and no detectable secondary phases. The Rietveld refinement<span> was employed to obtain crystal parameters. In addition, the results of chemical bond properties reveal that the lattice energy and ionicity of Mg (2)–O (3) bonds play a primary effect on the </span></span>dielectric loss<span> and dielectric constant, respectively. The bond energy of Mg(l)-O (2) bonds plays a dominant role in thermal stability. The far-infrared spectroscopy was employed to explore the intrinsic dielectric parameters, and the results showed that peaks below 400 cm</span></span><sup>-l</sup> contributed 78.9 % to ε′ and 99.1 % to ε″. The Raman data demonstrated that the Raman shift and FWHM exhibit an important influence on <em>Q</em> × <em>f</em>. The optimal performance was achieved in (Mg<sub>0.94</sub>Zn<sub>0.06</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> ceramics: <em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> = 5.00, <em>Q</em> × <em>f</em> = 84,674 GHz, <em>τ</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> = −59.98 ppm/°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ceramics International","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884224028803","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A series of (Mg1-xZnx)3(PO4)2 (x = 0.02–0.10) microwave dielectric ceramics were fabricated by the solid-state reaction method and investigated in terms of crystal structure, chemical bond properties, and dielectric properties were analyzed. The XRD data indicates that (Mg1-xZnx)3(PO4)2 samples belong to the monoclinic crystal with P21/c space group and no detectable secondary phases. The Rietveld refinement was employed to obtain crystal parameters. In addition, the results of chemical bond properties reveal that the lattice energy and ionicity of Mg (2)–O (3) bonds play a primary effect on the dielectric loss and dielectric constant, respectively. The bond energy of Mg(l)-O (2) bonds plays a dominant role in thermal stability. The far-infrared spectroscopy was employed to explore the intrinsic dielectric parameters, and the results showed that peaks below 400 cm-l contributed 78.9 % to ε′ and 99.1 % to ε″. The Raman data demonstrated that the Raman shift and FWHM exhibit an important influence on Q × f. The optimal performance was achieved in (Mg0.94Zn0.06)3(PO4)2 ceramics: εr = 5.00, Q × f = 84,674 GHz, τf = −59.98 ppm/°C.
期刊介绍:
Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties.
Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour.
Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.