Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.075
Xiaozhu Chen, Yu Huang, Youmin Rong, Congyi Wu
Pressureless sintered silicon carbide (PS-SiC) ceramics are widely used as friction materials in the aerospace industry, and enhancing the self-lubricating properties of PS-SiC ceramics under dry friction is highly significant. In this study, an infrared femtosecond laser was used to treat the surface of PS-SiC ceramics, and the effects of various processing parameters on surface microstructure, chemical composition, and graphitization degree were investigated. More importantly, SiC decomposes into amorphous carbon and stays on the surface of PS-SiC ceramics under the photothermal effect, and the amorphous carbon realizes the transition to the ordered graphite structure by controlling the laser energy. The highly graphitized, carbon-containing micro/nanostructures on the surface of laser-treated PS-SiC ceramics promote the formation of stable carbon-based tribofilms during sliding, which significantly enhances the tribological properties of PS-SiC ceramics under dry friction. This study proposes a method for inducing graphitization on the surface of PS-SiC ceramics using an infrared femtosecond laser, providing a manufacturing approach and theoretical support for the development of high-performance PS-SiC ceramic friction materials.
{"title":"One-step ultrafast laser-induced graphitization on PS-SiC surfaces for superior friction performance","authors":"Xiaozhu Chen, Yu Huang, Youmin Rong, Congyi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.075","url":null,"abstract":"Pressureless sintered silicon carbide (PS-SiC) ceramics are widely used as friction materials in the aerospace industry, and enhancing the self-lubricating properties of PS-SiC ceramics under dry friction is highly significant. In this study, an infrared femtosecond laser was used to treat the surface of PS-SiC ceramics, and the effects of various processing parameters on surface microstructure, chemical composition, and graphitization degree were investigated. More importantly, SiC decomposes into amorphous carbon and stays on the surface of PS-SiC ceramics under the photothermal effect, and the amorphous carbon realizes the transition to the ordered graphite structure by controlling the laser energy. The highly graphitized, carbon-containing micro/nanostructures on the surface of laser-treated PS-SiC ceramics promote the formation of stable carbon-based tribofilms during sliding, which significantly enhances the tribological properties of PS-SiC ceramics under dry friction. This study proposes a method for inducing graphitization on the surface of PS-SiC ceramics using an infrared femtosecond laser, providing a manufacturing approach and theoretical support for the development of high-performance PS-SiC ceramic friction materials.","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.252
Zeyu Ning, Zhuo Wang, Ting Zhao, Ronghui Ye, Jinteng Kang, Zhuang Liu, JiaoJiao Wang
With the waste of resources caused by human activities, it has gradually become an increasingly prominent social problem. The development of self-healing polymers in the field of insulation has attracted widespread attention. Develop polymer matrices with efficient healing efficiency and sound insulation properties to achieve green and sustainable resource conservation. In addition, improving the dielectric properties of intrinsic self-healing matrices has been a hot topic. In this work, we developed a new PEI matrix-modified self-healing polymer substrate that provides a breakdown field strength of 240 kV/mm and self-healing properties at room temperature, this has significantly improved the dielectric properties over other previously reported self-healing polymers. In addition to the abovementioned performance, we found significant differences in thermodynamic behavior in the synthesized end-modified polymers. By dielectric characterization (LCR), the breakdown composite can be left at room temperature for 60 min, and the material can recover 80 % of the initial properties without external intervention(This is demonstrated by the fact that its DC conductivity at 60 min of autonomous healing was significantly changed from that of the freshly electrically pierced DC conductivity and remained around 5.38 × 10−11 S/cm for a longer period of time thereafter). The microscopic morphology of the modified PEI matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS surface elemental analysis, which further supports the existence of metal coordination structures. These findings can further deepen the thinking of self-healing dielectric composites. The work inspired by this may break the limits and take self-healing composite dielectric materials to a new height.
{"title":"Polyetherimide copolymer film with room-temperature self-healing properties and high breakdown field strength","authors":"Zeyu Ning, Zhuo Wang, Ting Zhao, Ronghui Ye, Jinteng Kang, Zhuang Liu, JiaoJiao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the waste of resources caused by human activities, it has gradually become an increasingly prominent social problem. The development of self-healing polymers in the field of insulation has attracted widespread attention. Develop polymer matrices with efficient healing efficiency and sound insulation properties to achieve green and sustainable resource conservation. In addition, improving the dielectric properties of intrinsic self-healing matrices has been a hot topic. In this work, we developed a new PEI matrix-modified self-healing polymer substrate that provides a breakdown field strength of 240 kV/mm and self-healing properties at room temperature, this has significantly improved the dielectric properties over other previously reported self-healing polymers. In addition to the abovementioned performance, we found significant differences in thermodynamic behavior in the synthesized end-modified polymers. By dielectric characterization (LCR), the breakdown composite can be left at room temperature for 60 min, and the material can recover 80 % of the initial properties without external intervention(This is demonstrated by the fact that its DC conductivity at 60 min of autonomous healing was significantly changed from that of the freshly electrically pierced DC conductivity and remained around 5.38 × 10<sup>−11</sup> S/cm for a longer period of time thereafter). The microscopic morphology of the modified PEI matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS surface elemental analysis, which further supports the existence of metal coordination structures. These findings can further deepen the thinking of self-healing dielectric composites. The work inspired by this may break the limits and take self-healing composite dielectric materials to a new height.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 52152-52157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.225
Lulu Xu , Yuzhou Pan , Guanghui Wang , Fajian He , Shixun Dai
In this study, the correlation between the Raman structure, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of TeO2-ZnO-La2O3–WO3 glasses with varying WO3 contents are systematically established. By exploring the critical point in the transformation process of glass network structural units, the optimal glass components of 74TeO2-12ZnO-5La2O3–9WO3 glass possess the maximum thermal stability (158 °C) and the highest mechanical properties at the same time. The maximum Vicker hardness and Young's modulus of the optimal glass can reach up to 4.007 GPa and 56.212 GPa, which are higher than those of the well-known TeO2-ZnO-Na2O (TZN) and TeO2-ZnO-La2O3 (TZL) glasses. Furthermore, the 0.5 mol% Er3+-doped glass at this critical point (TZLW-0.5Er) exhibits a higher laser figure of merit (54.29 × 10−21 cm2 ms), a larger laser gain bandwidth value (116 nm) and higher emission cross-sections at 1600 nm (2.52 × 10−21 cm2) and 1625 nm (1.06 × 10−21 cm2) than other host glasses. Finally, high-efficiency laser outputs at 1600 and 1625 nm based on TZLW-0.5Er glass fiber are successfully achieved by simulation. These results show the greater practical potential of TZLW-0.5Er glass with higher mechanical strength compared to TZN and TZL fibers for the 1.6 μm-band laser.
{"title":"High-efficiency 1.6 μm-band fiber laser based on single Er3+-doped tungsten tellurite glass with high mechanical strength through tailored glass network","authors":"Lulu Xu , Yuzhou Pan , Guanghui Wang , Fajian He , Shixun Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the correlation between the Raman structure, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of TeO<sub>2</sub>-ZnO-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–WO<sub>3</sub> glasses with varying WO<sub>3</sub> contents are systematically established. By exploring the critical point in the transformation process of glass network structural units, the optimal glass components of 74TeO<sub>2</sub>-12ZnO-5La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–9WO<sub>3</sub> glass possess the maximum thermal stability (158 °C) and the highest mechanical properties at the same time. The maximum Vicker hardness and Young's modulus of the optimal glass can reach up to 4.007 GPa and 56.212 GPa, which are higher than those of the well-known TeO<sub>2</sub>-ZnO-Na<sub>2</sub>O (TZN) and TeO<sub>2</sub>-ZnO-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (TZL) glasses. Furthermore, the 0.5 mol% Er<sup>3+</sup>-doped glass at this critical point (TZLW-0.5Er) exhibits a higher laser figure of merit (54.29 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> ms), a larger laser gain bandwidth value (116 nm) and higher emission cross-sections at 1600 nm (2.52 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>) and 1625 nm (1.06 × 10<sup>−21</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>) than other host glasses. Finally, high-efficiency laser outputs at 1600 and 1625 nm based on TZLW-0.5Er glass fiber are successfully achieved by simulation. These results show the greater practical potential of TZLW-0.5Er glass with higher mechanical strength compared to TZN and TZL fibers for the 1.6 μm-band laser.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 48977-48987"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, 1–3 connectivity barium zirconate titanate ceramic cement-based composites were fabricated using Portland cement and epoxy resin as the matrix. Barium zirconate titanate (BZT) of 40–60 % by volume was used while epoxy was used with cement at 0–7% by volume. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties, and other properties such as acoustic impedance, density and microstructure were investigated. It was found that epoxy resin can be used in combination with BZT to achieve a suitable acoustic impedance value (9–11 × 106 kg/m·s2) matching that of concrete for structural health monitoring application. Thus, when epoxy resin was used at 7 %, BZT volume can be increased to 60 % where the highest d33 value of 93 pC/N was found and remain within the acoustic matching range. In addition, when epoxy resin was increased, both piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) and piezoelectric voltage coefficient (g33) were also found to increase. This is likely due to the lower porosity thus denser matrix when epoxy resin was used in addition to cement.
{"title":"Effect of epoxy resin addition on the acoustic impedance, microstructure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of 1–3 connectivity lead-free barium zirconate titanate ceramic cement-based composites","authors":"Thanyapon Wittinanon , Rattiyakorn Rianyoi , Ruamporn Potong , Arnon Chaipanich","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, 1–3 connectivity barium zirconate titanate ceramic cement-based composites were fabricated using Portland cement and epoxy resin as the matrix. Barium zirconate titanate (BZT) of 40–60 % by volume was used while epoxy was used with cement at 0–7% by volume. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties, and other properties such as acoustic impedance, density and microstructure were investigated. It was found that epoxy resin can be used in combination with BZT to achieve a suitable acoustic impedance value (9–11 × 10<sup>6</sup> kg/m·s<sup>2</sup>) matching that of concrete for structural health monitoring application. Thus, when epoxy resin was used at 7 %, BZT volume can be increased to 60 % where the highest d<sub>33</sub> value of 93 pC/N was found and remain within the acoustic matching range. In addition, when epoxy resin was increased, both piezoelectric charge coefficient (d<sub>33</sub>) and piezoelectric voltage coefficient (g<sub>33</sub>) were also found to increase. This is likely due to the lower porosity thus denser matrix when epoxy resin was used in addition to cement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 52144-52151"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.044
Yiwen Pu , Le Li, Junbo Xia, Nana Jia, Shifeng Jia, Wei Ren
Ba1–xSrxTiO3 (BST) ceramics are promising dielectric materials. However, their fabrication is usually laborious, requiring long preparation stages and high temperatures, which are not favorable for tuning the grain size and dielectric properties. In this study, (Ba1–xSrx)TiO3 (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) ceramics were produced via reactive flash sintering (RFS) of a mixture of BaCO3, SrCO3 and TiO2 powders at 900 °C and relatively short times (15–90 s). The electric field (E-field) with a strength of 400 V/cm and the current densities of 25–75 mA mm−2 were applied during RFS. Once the Sr2+ content increased, the incubation time for the RFS decreased, suggesting that the addition of Sr2+ facilitated the RFS process. At the RFS time above 15 s, a single-phase Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 perovskite structure was formed. When the time and the applied current density increased, both the densities and grain sizes within the ceramics increased. This increased the real part (ε’) of the complex permittivity compared to that of the conventionally sintered (CS) ceramic. Moreover, the enhancement of mass transport by E-field-induced oxygen vacancies was considered the predominant mechanism of RFS in the production of BST ceramics.
{"title":"Rapid fabrication of Ba1–xSrxTiO3 ceramics via reactive flash sintering","authors":"Yiwen Pu , Le Li, Junbo Xia, Nana Jia, Shifeng Jia, Wei Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ba<sub>1–<em>x</em></sub>Sr<sub><em>x</em></sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BST) ceramics are promising dielectric materials. However, their fabrication is usually laborious, requiring long preparation stages and high temperatures, which are not favorable for tuning the grain size and dielectric properties. In this study, (Ba<sub>1–<em>x</em></sub>Sr<sub><em>x</em></sub>)TiO<sub>3</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) ceramics were produced via reactive flash sintering (RFS) of a mixture of BaCO<sub>3</sub>, SrCO<sub>3</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> powders at 900 °C and relatively short times (15–90 s). The electric field (E-field) with a strength of 400 V/cm and the current densities of 25–75 mA mm<sup>−2</sup> were applied during RFS. Once the Sr<sup>2+</sup> content increased, the incubation time for the RFS decreased, suggesting that the addition of Sr<sup>2+</sup> facilitated the RFS process. At the RFS time above 15 s, a single-phase Ba<sub>0.6</sub>Sr<sub>0.4</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> perovskite structure was formed. When the time and the applied current density increased, both the densities and grain sizes within the ceramics increased. This increased the real part (<em>ε</em>’) of the complex permittivity compared to that of the conventionally sintered (CS) ceramic. Moreover, the enhancement of mass transport by E-field-induced oxygen vacancies was considered the predominant mechanism of RFS in the production of BST ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 51284-51288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.381
Vadim Zhmykhov , Denis Guryev , Vladimir S. Tsvetkov , Yurii Pyrkov , Anastasia Shvedchenko , Elena Dobretsova , Sergey Kuznetsov , Marina Nikova , Vitaly Tarala , Vladimir B. Tsvetkov
The 8.3 at.% Yb-doped yttrium-scandium-aluminum garnet (YSAG) ceramics were fabricated by a modified reverse co-precipitation method followed by uniaxial and cold isostatic pressing, annealing in air and high-temperature sintering in vacuum. Spectroscopic and lasing properties were investigated in dependence on Y/Sc/Al ratio in ceramic composition. Optical transmission of Yb:YSAG ceramics in visible and near-infrared spectral range exceeds 80 % that indicates a high quality of the Yb:YSAG samples. Among all the ceramics, the Y2.35Yb0.25Sc1.00Al4.40O12 composition demonstrates the best lasing performance and the highest slope efficiency up to 75 %.
{"title":"Yb:YSAG ceramics: An attractive thin-disk laser material alternative to a single crystal?","authors":"Vadim Zhmykhov , Denis Guryev , Vladimir S. Tsvetkov , Yurii Pyrkov , Anastasia Shvedchenko , Elena Dobretsova , Sergey Kuznetsov , Marina Nikova , Vitaly Tarala , Vladimir B. Tsvetkov","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 8.3 at.% Yb-doped yttrium-scandium-aluminum garnet (YSAG) ceramics were fabricated by a modified reverse co-precipitation method followed by uniaxial and cold isostatic pressing, annealing in air and high-temperature sintering in vacuum. Spectroscopic and lasing properties were investigated in dependence on Y/Sc/Al ratio in ceramic composition. Optical transmission of Yb:YSAG ceramics in visible and near-infrared spectral range exceeds 80 % that indicates a high quality of the Yb:YSAG samples. Among all the ceramics, the Y<sub>2.35</sub>Yb<sub>0.25</sub>Sc<sub>1.00</sub>Al<sub>4.40</sub>O<sub>12</sub> composition demonstrates the best lasing performance and the highest slope efficiency up to 75 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 50358-50366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.031
Kai Wang , Yunkai Zhao , Xuefang Chen , Ruiqing Chu , Guorong Li , Zhijun Xu
Sintering temperature is decisive for optimizing the grain boundary environment to obtain the high performance ZnO based varistor ceramic. In this work, the impacts of sintering temperature on microstructure and electrical properties of ternary Zn-Sr-Co varistor were investigated. It was found that the distribution of Sr, the critical factor to form grain boundary, was heavily sensitive to sintering temperature. The considerable Sr ions precipitated at grain boundaries and formed the clusters of SrZnO2 while the sintering temperature increases from 1150 °C to 1190 °C. Besides, the precipitation of Sr led to the large segregation of Co at grain boundaries. The enrichment behavior of Sr and Co contributed to the optimization of grain boundaries, resulting in the enhanced barrier height. As a result, the excellent nonlinear current-voltage performances, i.e., the high nonlinear coefficient of 56.47 and the low leakage current density of 0.73 μA/cm2 were obtained in the ternary ZnO-SrCO3-Co2O3 varistor sintered at 1190 °C. However, the grain boundary environment would be destroyed by the excessive temperature of 1210 °C, resulting in the degradation of grain boundary barrier and especially a surge in the leakage current IL from 0.73 to 92.19 μA/cm2. In addition, varying sintering temperature has the important effects on impedance and dielectric properties of the ZnO-SrCO3-Co2O3 varistors. The findings provide new perspectives for developing the high-performance ternary ZnO-SrCO3-Co2O3 varistor ceramics by optimizing the initial grain boundary environment at different sintering temperatures.
{"title":"Effects of sintering temperature on microstructure and varistor performances of ZnO-SrCO3-Co2O3 ceramics","authors":"Kai Wang , Yunkai Zhao , Xuefang Chen , Ruiqing Chu , Guorong Li , Zhijun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sintering temperature is decisive for optimizing the grain boundary environment to obtain the high performance ZnO based varistor ceramic. In this work, the impacts of sintering temperature on microstructure and electrical properties of ternary Zn-Sr-Co varistor were investigated. It was found that the distribution of Sr, the critical factor to form grain boundary, was heavily sensitive to sintering temperature. The considerable Sr ions precipitated at grain boundaries and formed the clusters of SrZnO<sub>2</sub> while the sintering temperature increases from 1150 °C to 1190 °C. Besides, the precipitation of Sr led to the large segregation of Co at grain boundaries. The enrichment behavior of Sr and Co contributed to the optimization of grain boundaries, resulting in the enhanced barrier height. As a result, the excellent nonlinear current-voltage performances, i.e., the high nonlinear coefficient of 56.47 and the low leakage current density of 0.73 μA/cm<sup>2</sup> were obtained in the ternary ZnO-SrCO<sub>3</sub>-Co<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> varistor sintered at 1190 °C. However, the grain boundary environment would be destroyed by the excessive temperature of 1210 °C, resulting in the degradation of grain boundary barrier and especially a surge in the leakage current I<sub>L</sub> from 0.73 to 92.19 μA/cm<sup>2</sup>. In addition, varying sintering temperature has the important effects on impedance and dielectric properties of the ZnO-SrCO<sub>3</sub>-Co<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> varistors. The findings provide new perspectives for developing the high-performance ternary ZnO-SrCO<sub>3</sub>-Co<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> varistor ceramics by optimizing the initial grain boundary environment at different sintering temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 51162-51171"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.041
Chao Xiao , Ming Yin , Xindan Li , Zhong Kuang , Bin Wang , Hongjiang He , Shengquan Yu , Zhuoying Jia , Xiaoqiang Li
In this study, Fe2+:ZnSexS1-x (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solution laser ceramics with cubic crystal structures were prepared for the first time via hot pressing sintering, using FeSe, ZnSe, and ZnS powders. The resulting ceramics exhibit a unique combination of the optical and physical properties of Fe2+:ZnSe and Fe2+:ZnS. An increase in the ZnS content led to a blueshift in the maximum absorption spectra of Fe2+ ions and an enhancement in Vickers hardness. These findings suggest that Fe2+:ZnSexS1-x solid solution ceramics could serve as promising gain media for mid-infrared solid-state lasers, offering a novel approach for the development of directly pumped mid-infrared laser systems.
{"title":"Development and characterization of novel Fe2+:ZnSexS1-x solid solution laser ceramics for mid-infrared laser application","authors":"Chao Xiao , Ming Yin , Xindan Li , Zhong Kuang , Bin Wang , Hongjiang He , Shengquan Yu , Zhuoying Jia , Xiaoqiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, Fe<sup>2+</sup>:ZnSe<sub>x</sub>S<sub>1-x</sub> (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solution laser ceramics with cubic crystal structures were prepared for the first time via hot pressing sintering, using FeSe, ZnSe, and ZnS powders. The resulting ceramics exhibit a unique combination of the optical and physical properties of Fe<sup>2+</sup>:ZnSe and Fe<sup>2+</sup>:ZnS. An increase in the ZnS content led to a blueshift in the maximum absorption spectra of Fe<sup>2+</sup> ions and an enhancement in Vickers hardness. These findings suggest that Fe<sup>2+</sup>:ZnSe<sub>x</sub>S<sub>1-x</sub> solid solution ceramics could serve as promising gain media for mid-infrared solid-state lasers, offering a novel approach for the development of directly pumped mid-infrared laser systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 51260-51268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.035
Jianwei Gao, Xiaoqing Si, Bo Yang, Hao Yuan, Mushi Zheng, Chun Li, Junlei Qi, Jian Cao
To address the challenges of protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC) stack sealing, a TiO2-containing alkaline silicate glass, named STKN, was utilized to seal the BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb) electrolyte and Crofer 22 H stainless steel, achieving a sufficient bonding. The formation of the BaTiSi2O7 reaction layer at the BZCYYb interface is the key to realizing effective joining. Elevating the joining temperature results in a thicker BaTiSi2O7 reaction layer and a concomitant loss of the sealant. The optimal sealing parameter is determined to be 775 °C for 30 min, yielding a maximum shear strength of 20 MPa. After aging in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres at 600 °C for 300 h, the microstructure of the joint remained stable, suggesting excellent potential for service stability of the joint.
为了解决质子陶瓷燃料电池（PCFC）堆栈密封所面临的挑战，一种名为 STKN 的含 TiO2 碱性硅酸盐玻璃被用来密封 BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb) 电解质和 Crofer 22 H 不锈钢，从而实现了充分的结合。在 BZCYYb 界面形成 BaTiSi2O7 反应层是实现有效接合的关键。接合温度升高会导致 BaTiSi2O7 反应层变厚，密封剂随之流失。最佳密封参数为 775 °C 30 分钟，最大剪切强度为 20 兆帕。在 600 °C 的氧化和还原气氛中老化 300 小时后，接头的微观结构保持稳定，这表明接头具有极佳的使用稳定性。
{"title":"TiO2 containing glass sealant for protonic ceramic fuel cell applications: Microstructure, strength and stability studied in sealing of BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ electrolyte to Crofer 22H interconnect","authors":"Jianwei Gao, Xiaoqing Si, Bo Yang, Hao Yuan, Mushi Zheng, Chun Li, Junlei Qi, Jian Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC) stack sealing, a TiO<sub>2</sub>-containing alkaline silicate glass, named STKN, was utilized to seal the BaZr<sub>0.1</sub>Ce<sub>0.7</sub>Y<sub>0.1</sub>Yb<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (BZCYYb) electrolyte and Crofer 22 H stainless steel, achieving a sufficient bonding. The formation of the BaTiSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> reaction layer at the BZCYYb interface is the key to realizing effective joining. Elevating the joining temperature results in a thicker BaTiSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> reaction layer and a concomitant loss of the sealant. The optimal sealing parameter is determined to be 775 °C for 30 min, yielding a maximum shear strength of 20 MPa. After aging in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres at 600 °C for 300 h, the microstructure of the joint remained stable, suggesting excellent potential for service stability of the joint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 51207-51217"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.034
Francisco Javier Acebedo-Martínez , Paula Alejandra Baldión , Francesca Oltolina , Antonia Follenzi , Giuseppe Falini , Jorge Fernando Fernández-Sánchez , Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte , Jaime Gómez-Morales
Nanocrystalline apatite (Ap), known for its exceptional biological properties, faces limitations in hard tissue engineering due to its poor mechanical properties. To overcome this limitation, we investigated the preparation of nanocomposites through heterogeneous nucleation of calcium phosphate on exfoliated graphene (G) and graphene oxide (GO) flakes, selected for their outstanding mechanical properties. The flakes were treated (functionalized) with amino acids of varying isoelectric points—namely L-Arginine (Arg), L-Alanine (Aln) and L-Aspartic acid (Asp)— as well as citrate (Cit) molecules. Furthermore, Tb3+ was incorporated into the formulations to introduce luminescence and further enrich the functionality of the composite. The synthesis was conducted using the sitting drop vapor diffusion method. Functionalized GO/Ap nanocomposites significantly improved roughness, adhesion forces and elastic modulus compared to Ap and G-based particles. GO-Asp-Ap-Tb nanocomposites exhibited the highest roughness (163.8 ± 116.2 nm), while G-Cit-Ap had the lowest (6.8 ± 5.6 nm). In terms of adhesion force, GO-Cit-Ap-Tb reached the highest value (31.06 ± 13.3 nN), while G-Arg-Ap had the lowest (3.7 ± 1.8 nN) compared to Ap (13.6 ± 3.2 nN). For the elastic modulus, GO-Aln-Ap-Tb demonstrated the greatest stiffness (3489 ± 101.01 MPa) compared to Ap (30.2 ± 6.5 MPa), while G-Aln-Ap-Tb showed the lowest (17.2 ± 8.4 MPa). Concerning their luminescence, regardless of G/Ap and GO/Ap, the relative luminescence intensities depended on the biomolecule used and decreased in the order Arg > Aln > Asp and Cit. Furthermore, G/Ap and GO/Ap nanocomposites demonstrated good biocompatibility on murine mesenchymal stem cells at low concentrations, showing cell viabilities exceeding 80 % at 0.1 μg/mL. This research offers a novel approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of apatites while preserving their good biocompatibility properties and introducing new functionalities (i.e. luminescence) in the composites, thereby expanding their range of applications in hard tissue engineering.
{"title":"Biomolecule-functionalized exfoliated-graphene and graphene oxide as heteronucleants of nanocrystalline apatites to make hybrid nanocomposites with tailored mechanical, luminescent, and biological properties","authors":"Francisco Javier Acebedo-Martínez , Paula Alejandra Baldión , Francesca Oltolina , Antonia Follenzi , Giuseppe Falini , Jorge Fernando Fernández-Sánchez , Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte , Jaime Gómez-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.10.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanocrystalline apatite (Ap), known for its exceptional biological properties, faces limitations in hard tissue engineering due to its poor mechanical properties. To overcome this limitation, we investigated the preparation of nanocomposites through heterogeneous nucleation of calcium phosphate on exfoliated graphene (G) and graphene oxide (GO) flakes, selected for their outstanding mechanical properties. The flakes were treated (functionalized) with amino acids of varying isoelectric points—namely L-Arginine (Arg), L-Alanine (Aln) and L-Aspartic acid (Asp)— as well as citrate (Cit) molecules. Furthermore, Tb<sup>3+</sup> was incorporated into the formulations to introduce luminescence and further enrich the functionality of the composite. The synthesis was conducted using the sitting drop vapor diffusion method. Functionalized GO/Ap nanocomposites significantly improved roughness, adhesion forces and elastic modulus compared to Ap and G-based particles. GO-Asp-Ap-Tb nanocomposites exhibited the highest roughness (163.8 ± 116.2 nm), while G-Cit-Ap had the lowest (6.8 ± 5.6 nm). In terms of adhesion force, GO-Cit-Ap-Tb reached the highest value (31.06 ± 13.3 nN), while G-Arg-Ap had the lowest (3.7 ± 1.8 nN) compared to Ap (13.6 ± 3.2 nN). For the elastic modulus, GO-Aln-Ap-Tb demonstrated the greatest stiffness (3489 ± 101.01 MPa) compared to Ap (30.2 ± 6.5 MPa), while G-Aln-Ap-Tb showed the lowest (17.2 ± 8.4 MPa). Concerning their luminescence, regardless of G/Ap and GO/Ap, the relative luminescence intensities depended on the biomolecule used and decreased in the order Arg > Aln > Asp and Cit. Furthermore, G/Ap and GO/Ap nanocomposites demonstrated good biocompatibility on murine mesenchymal stem cells at low concentrations, showing cell viabilities exceeding 80 % at 0.1 μg/mL. This research offers a novel approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of apatites while preserving their good biocompatibility properties and introducing new functionalities (i.e. luminescence) in the composites, thereby expanding their range of applications in hard tissue engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"50 23","pages":"Pages 51192-51206"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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