Morphological study of granular–granular impact craters through time-of-flight cameras: from concept to automation in Python

IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Granular Matter Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI:10.1007/s10035-024-01439-x
Frank Corrales-Machín, Gustavo Viera-López, Roberto Bartali, Yuri Nahmad-Molinar
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Abstract

Laboratory made granular–granular impact craters have been used as model analogues of planetary impact craters. These kind of craters have been observed and studied using profilometry techniques that allow to retrieve important morphologic features from the impacted surface. In this work, we propose to use a Time-of-Flight camera (Microsoft Kinect One) for the acquisition of depth data. We show comparisons between the typically used technique and the analysis derived from the Time-of-Flight data. We also release craterslab, a Python library developed to automate most of the tasks from the process of studying impact craters produced by granular projectiles hitting on the surface of granular targets. The library is able to acquire, identify, and measure morphological features of impacted surfaces through the reconstruction of 3D topographic maps. Our results show that using a Time-of-Flight camera and automating the data processing with a software library for the systematic study of impact craters can produce very accurate results while reducing the time spent on different stages of the process.

Graphical abstract

Three-dimensional representation of the lunar crater Werner by craterslab as a tool for morphometric analysis of natural and laboratory impact craters.

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通过飞行时间照相机对粒状-粒状撞击坑进行形态学研究:从概念到 Python 自动操作
实验室制造的颗粒-颗粒撞击坑被用作行星撞击坑的模拟模型。利用轮廓测量技术对这类撞击坑进行了观察和研究,从而可以从撞击表面获取重要的形态特征。在这项工作中,我们建议使用飞行时间相机(微软 Kinect One)来获取深度数据。我们展示了通常使用的技术与根据飞行时间数据得出的分析结果之间的比较。我们还发布了一个 Python 库 craterslab,该库的开发目的是将研究颗粒状目标表面上由颗粒状射弹产生的撞击坑过程中的大部分任务自动化。该库能够通过重建三维地形图来获取、识别和测量撞击表面的形态特征。我们的研究结果表明,使用飞行时间照相机和自动数据处理软件库对撞击坑进行系统研究,可以产生非常精确的结果,同时减少在这一过程的不同阶段所花费的时间。
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来源期刊
Granular Matter
Granular Matter MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MECHANICS
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
8.30%
发文量
95
期刊介绍: Although many phenomena observed in granular materials are still not yet fully understood, important contributions have been made to further our understanding using modern tools from statistical mechanics, micro-mechanics, and computational science. These modern tools apply to disordered systems, phase transitions, instabilities or intermittent behavior and the performance of discrete particle simulations. >> Until now, however, many of these results were only to be found scattered throughout the literature. Physicists are often unaware of the theories and results published by engineers or other fields - and vice versa. The journal Granular Matter thus serves as an interdisciplinary platform of communication among researchers of various disciplines who are involved in the basic research on granular media. It helps to establish a common language and gather articles under one single roof that up to now have been spread over many journals in a variety of fields. Notwithstanding, highly applied or technical work is beyond the scope of this journal.
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