Effect of immediate curing at elevated temperatures on the tensile and interfacial properties of carbon fiber-epoxy composites

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Functional Composites and Structures Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1088/2631-6331/ad5b4a

Alexandra Liever, Yingtao Liu and Shreya Vemuganti

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Abstract

Elevated temperature conditions known to improve curing from the onset and during the process of immediate curing are not available in the field, which can hinder the mechanical performance of these strengthening systems. In this study, mechanical testing and material characterization were conducted to identify the effects of subjecting nanomodified epoxy and fiber-reinforced nanomodified epoxy composites to room temperature (RT) (30 °C) and elevated temperature (110 °C) from the onset of curing. Static tensile testing and interfacial adhesion tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical performance. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to determine curing characteristics to inform on the immediate curing of nanomodified resins cured under the two temperature conditions. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to identify Carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersion characteristics. Overall, due to the incorporation of CNTs in epoxy, RT curing results in upto 62% increase in strain at failure. By supplying additional energy during immediate curing with elevated temperatures, a 51% increase in strength and 42% increase in Youngs Modulus can be observed in the nanomodified epoxy. In CFRP-epoxy composites, due to the incorporation of CNTs in the epoxy, RT curing results in upto 27% increase in strain at failure. By supplying additional energy during immediate curing with elevated temperatures, upto 133% increase in strain at failure is observed and upto 17% increase in strength is observed. CNTs incorporated in CFRP-epoxy composites demonstrated upto 50% increase in interfacial adhesion whereas supplying additional energy for their immediate curing with elevated temperatures, upto 130% increase in interfacial adhesion was observed. TGA and DSC results supported the mechanical observations and show a need for immediate curing when CNTs are used in epoxy matrices.

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高温立即固化对碳纤维-环氧树脂复合材料拉伸性能和界面性能的影响

众所周知，升高的温度条件可以从一开始和在立即固化的过程中改善固化效果，但现场并不具备这种条件，这可能会妨碍这些增强系统的机械性能。本研究进行了机械测试和材料表征，以确定将纳米改性环氧树脂和纤维增强纳米改性环氧树脂复合材料置于室温（RT）（30 °C）和固化开始时的高温（110 °C）条件下的效果。进行了静态拉伸测试和界面粘附测试，以评估其机械性能。采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和热重分析法（TGA）测定固化特性，以了解在两种温度条件下固化的纳米改性树脂的即时固化情况。扫描电子显微镜用于确定碳纳米管（CNT）的分散特性。总的来说，由于环氧树脂中加入了碳纳米管，实时固化会导致失效应变增加 62%。通过在高温即时固化过程中提供额外能量，可以观察到纳米改性环氧树脂的强度提高了 51%，杨氏模量提高了 42%。在 CFRP-epoxy 复合材料中，由于环氧树脂中加入了 CNT，实时固化会导致破坏时的应变增加 27%。通过在高温即时固化过程中提供额外能量，可观察到破坏应变增加了 133%，强度增加了 17%。碳纤维增强塑料-环氧树脂复合材料中的碳纳米管显示界面粘附力增加了 50%，而在高温立即固化过程中提供额外能量，则观察到界面粘附力增加了 130%。TGA 和 DSC 结果支持机械观察结果，并表明在环氧树脂基材中使用 CNT 时需要立即固化。

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来源期刊

Functional Composites and Structures Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

10.70%

发文量