Preparation of Melamine Urea Formaldehyde Organo Clay Nanocomposite Foams Using Thermal Processing and Microwave Irradiation Techniques and Investigation of Their Thermal Insulation and Compressive Strength

IF 1 4区化学 Q4 POLYMER SCIENCE Polymer Science, Series B Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1134/s1560090424600396

Ahmet Gürses, Elif Şahin

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Abstract

Urea formaldehyde (UF), melamine formaldehyde (MF) and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins are the most common thermosetting resins. The most obvious advantage of MUF resin over urea formaldehyde resin is that it has much higher resistance to water. MUF resins, synthesized by condensing precursors such as melamine, urea and formaldehyde, have good flame-retardant properties as they release nitrogen gas when burning. Improving the mechanical, thermal and barrier properties of MF and MUF resins by adding various nanoparticles has become very interesting. One of the promising areas of use of MUF resin is their use as insulation foams. In particular, organo clay MUF nanocomposite foams have the potential to offer significant advantages such as improved mechanical and thermal properties as well as reduced water sensitivity. This study aims to prepare and characterize melamine urea formaldehyde organo-clay nanocomposite foams, as well as to examine their properties such as thermal insulation and compressive strength, by using the microwave irradiation technique together with thermal treatment, which can offer advantages such as high reaction rate, yield and purity, and short curing time. Characterization of virgin polymer and melamine formaldehyde organo clay nanocomposite foams prepared by in situ polymerization method, was made using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and HRTEM methods. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyzes showed that the organo-clay platelets exhibited an exfoliated distribution in the melamine-urea-formaldehyde polymer matrix, which did not change with increasing clay content. Although the highest compressive strength values were obtained in virgin MUF foam (0.44 MPa), the values, which partially decreased in nanocomposites, increased with increasing clay ratio and reached 0.38 MPa in the nanocomposite prepared with the highest clay ratio of 0.45 wt %. On the other hand, thermal conductivity coefficients decreased regularly with increasing clay content. Thus, it was concluded that the nanocomposite containing 0.45 organo clay by weight had optimal properties in terms of both strength and thermal insulation.

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利用热加工和微波辐照技术制备三聚氰胺尿素甲醛有机粘土纳米复合泡沫并研究其隔热性能和抗压强度

摘要尿素甲醛（UF）、三聚氰胺甲醛（MF）和三聚氰胺尿素甲醛（MUF）树脂是最常见的热固性树脂。与脲醛树脂相比，三聚氰胺尿素甲醛树脂最明显的优点是耐水性更强。MUF 树脂由三聚氰胺、尿素和甲醛等前体缩合而成，燃烧时会释放氮气，因此具有良好的阻燃性能。通过添加各种纳米粒子来改善 MF 和 MUF 树脂的机械、热和阻隔性能已变得非常有趣。MUF 树脂前景广阔的用途之一是用作绝缘泡沫。特别是，有机粘土 MUF 纳米复合泡沫具有显著的优势，如改善机械和热性能以及降低对水的敏感性。微波辐照技术具有反应速度快、产率和纯度高、固化时间短等优点，本研究旨在利用微波辐照技术和热处理方法制备三聚氰胺-脲醛有机粘土纳米复合泡沫并对其进行表征，同时考察其隔热性能和抗压强度等性能。利用 XRD、FTIR、SEM 和 HRTEM 等方法对原生聚合物和三聚氰胺甲醛有机粘土纳米复合泡沫进行了表征。光谱和显微分析表明，有机粘土小板在三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛聚合物基体中呈剥离状分布，且不随粘土含量的增加而变化。虽然原始 MUF 泡沫的抗压强度值最高（0.44 兆帕），但随着粘土比率的增加，纳米复合材料的抗压强度值有所下降，在粘土比率最高（0.45 wt %）的纳米复合材料中，抗压强度值达到 0.38 兆帕。另一方面，导热系数随着粘土含量的增加而有规律地降低。因此，可以得出结论，按重量计含有 0.45 有机粘土的纳米复合材料在强度和隔热性能方面都具有最佳特性。

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来源期刊

Polymer Science, Series B 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

8.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>0 weeks

期刊介绍： Polymer Science, Series B is a journal published in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series B experimental and theoretical papers and reviews dealing with the synthesis, kinetics, catalysis, and chemical transformations of macromolecules, supramolecular structures, and polymer matrix-based composites (6 issues a year). All journal series present original papers and reviews covering all fundamental aspects of macromolecular science. Contributions should be of marked novelty and interest for a broad readership. Articles may be written in English or Russian regardless of country and nationality of authors. All manuscripts are peer reviewed