Mechanism of a rainfall-induced landslide in a large-scale flume experiment on a weathered granite sand

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Geoenvironmental Disasters Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1186/s40677-024-00280-x
Ngoc Ha Do, Satoshi Goto, Hirotaka Ochiai, Shiho Asano, Huy Loi Doan, Thanh Binh Huynh, Junji Yoshida
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Abstract

A large-scale flume experiment was performed to evaluate the mechanism of landslide occurrence due to rainfall using weathered granite sand. The dimensions of the flume were 9 m (length), 1 m (width), and 1 m (depth). The weathered granite sand from the actual landslide site at Da Nang City, Vietnam was used. The pore water pressure was measured by a pore-water pressure transducer at two depths (middle and bottom) to determine the process of rainwater infiltration into the soil. The surface deformation was measured with extensometers at three positions of the slope. The deformation of the entire slope was determined by the 160 cylindrical-shaped makers evenly spaced in the slope and three cameras. The results showed that the rainfall infiltrated into the slope process, increasing from negative pore water pressure to approximately 0. The maximum shear strain contour has been plotted in total and in time increments. The shear band was detected from the time increments maximum shear strain contour. The localization in the shear band formed just before failure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest scale laboratory test ever conducted to calculate the shear band. Moreover, it was found that the failure occurred when the sand was in an unsaturated phase. Failure does not seem to depend on the increase in pore water pressure but on the maximum shear strain. This feature can be used to explain the phenomenon of landslides that occur even when the groundwater level does not increase but large deformation occurs.
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风化花岗岩砂地大型水槽实验中降雨诱发滑坡的机理
为了评估降雨导致的山体滑坡的发生机理,利用风化花岗岩砂进行了大规模水槽实验。水槽的尺寸为 9 米(长)、1 米(宽)和 1 米(深)。使用的风化花岗岩砂来自越南岘港市的实际滑坡地点。用孔隙水压力传感器测量了两个深度(中间和底部)的孔隙水压力,以确定雨水渗入土壤的过程。用伸长计测量了斜坡三个位置的表面变形。整个斜坡的变形是通过在斜坡上均匀分布的 160 个圆柱形测力计和三台照相机测定的。结果显示,降雨渗入斜坡的过程中,孔隙水压力从负值增加到大约 0。从时间增量最大剪切应变等值线图中检测到了剪切带。剪切带的局部在破坏前形成。据我们所知,这是迄今为止为计算剪切带而进行的规模最大的实验室试验。此外,我们还发现,破坏是在砂处于非饱和阶段时发生的。破坏似乎并不取决于孔隙水压力的增加,而是取决于最大剪切应变。这一特征可用来解释即使地下水位没有上升但发生大变形时也会发生山体滑坡的现象。
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来源期刊
Geoenvironmental Disasters
Geoenvironmental Disasters Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Geoenvironmental Disasters is an international journal with a focus on multi-disciplinary applied and fundamental research and the effects and impacts on infrastructure, society and the environment of geoenvironmental disasters triggered by various types of geo-hazards (e.g. earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, tsunamis, intensive erosion and hydro-meteorological events). The integrated study of Geoenvironmental Disasters is an emerging and composite field of research interfacing with areas traditionally within civil engineering, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences and the life sciences. It centers on the interactions within and between the Earth''s ground, air and water environments, all of which are affected by climate, geological, morphological and anthropological processes; and biological and ecological cycles. Disasters are dynamic forces which can change the Earth pervasively, rapidly, or abruptly, and which can generate lasting effects on the natural and built environments. The journal publishes research papers, case studies and quick reports of recent geoenvironmental disasters, review papers and technical reports of various geoenvironmental disaster-related case studies. The focus on case studies and quick reports of recent geoenvironmental disasters helps to advance the practical understanding of geoenvironmental disasters and to inform future research priorities; they are a major component of the journal. The journal aims for the rapid publication of research papers at a high scientific level. The journal welcomes proposals for special issues reflecting the trends in geoenvironmental disaster reduction and monothematic issues. Researchers and practitioners are encouraged to submit original, unpublished contributions.
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