A re-assessment of the value of markers of corticosteroid contact allergy in the Spanish baseline series: Clobetasol propionate in the spotlight

Abstract

Background

Budesonide and tixocortol pivalate as markers of contact allergy to corticosteroids have been questioned, as they are not able to detect a significant percentage of allergic patients.

Objectives

To investigate the potential role of clobetasol propionate in enhancing corticosteroid sensitisation detection.

Methods

Between January 2022 and December 2023, patients who attended centres involved in the Spanish Registry of Research in Contact Dermatitis and Cutaneous Allergy were tested with an extended baseline series that included budesonide, tixocortol pivalate, clobetasol propionate 0.1% in ethanol and 1% in petrolatum.

Results

A total of 4338 patients were tested. Twenty-four patients were allergic to budesonide (0.55%, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82); nine patients were allergic to tixocortol pivalate (0.21%, 95% CI: 0.11–0.39); and 23 patients were allergic to clobetasol (0.53%, 95% CI: 0.35–0.79). Only four of those patients allergic to clobetasol were detected by budesonide and one by tixocortol pivalate. No significant differences in the number of positive tests were found between clobetasol in petrolatum or ethanol.

Conclusions

In Spain budesonide remains the main corticosteroid allergy marker whereas the role of tixocortol pivalate is questionable. The addition of clobetasol propionate to the Spanish baseline series would improve the ability to detect patients allergic to corticosteroids.