Evaluating the yield of surviving plants from early-season hail damage in corn: A field survey

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI:10.1002/agg2.20533
I. P. Lisboa, C. A. Proctor, R. W. Elmore, A. J. McMechan, N. D. Mueller, J. Wilson, G. Zobeck, A. Nygren, A. Bastidas, O. A. Ortez
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Abstract

Economic losses due to hailstorms across US corn fields occur every year. Hailstorms result in leaf defoliation, decreasing photosynthetic area and impairing carbon assimilation and crop yield for all corn (Zea mays L.) development stages. However, more attention is often given to stand reductions rather than damage to stems or leaf defoliation. During the 2014 growing season, a natural hail event affected many areas of eastern Nebraska. Twelve affected corn fields were surveyed and included in this study. An injury score scale (1–5) was developed based on various injury and severity levels before the V6 (6-leaf corn growth stage) (six-collared leaves). Scores were assigned to affected fields approximately 10–15 days after the hailstorm. At the end of the growing season, ears were harvested, and grain yield per plant was determined. The highest grain yield (p < 0.05) was recorded with plants that were affected but retained a main stem in good condition, albeit defoliation was present (score 1, lowest damage category). In contrast, when the main stem was cut and the plant had poor regrowth (score 3), yields were reduced by approximately 53% compared to plants with an injury score of 1. A significant negative linear relationship (R2 = 0.63, p < 0.01) between injury score and yield was observed (higher injury score from hail events resulted in lower yields). Based on these results, corn yield reduction due to plant injury from hail events before V6 should not be only attributed to stand reductions. Our findings indicate an opportunity to adjust the US evaluation standards for early-season hail damage events in corn fields.

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评估玉米早季雹灾后存活植株的产量:实地调查
美国玉米田每年都会遭受冰雹造成的经济损失。雹灾导致叶片落叶,减少光合面积,损害碳吸收,影响玉米(Zea mays L.)所有生长阶段的作物产量。然而,人们更关注的往往是株数减少,而不是茎秆受损或叶片落叶。在 2014 年的生长季节,内布拉斯加州东部的许多地区受到了自然冰雹事件的影响。本研究调查了 12 块受影响的玉米田。根据 V6(玉米六叶生长阶段)(六片领叶)之前的各种伤害和严重程度,制定了伤害评分表(1-5)。在冰雹发生后约 10-15 天,对受影响的田块进行评分。在生长季节结束时,收获果穗并确定每株的谷物产量。尽管存在落叶现象,但受灾植株的主茎仍保持良好状态,谷物产量最高(p <0.05)(评分 1,最低损害类别)。与此相反,当主茎被砍断且植株生长不良(评分 3)时,产量比损伤评分为 1 的植株减少约 53%。在损伤评分和产量之间观察到显著的负线性关系(R2 = 0.63,p < 0.01)(冰雹事件造成的损伤评分越高,产量越低)。根据上述结果,V6 期之前冰雹造成的植株伤害导致的玉米减产不应仅仅归因于株数减少。我们的研究结果表明,有机会调整美国对玉米田早季雹灾事件的评估标准。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
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