Fetal Exposure to Tobacco Metabolites and Depression During Adulthood: Beyond Binary Measures.

IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-05 DOI:10.1097/EDE.0000000000001757
Edmond D Shenassa, Jessica L Gleason, Kathryn Hirabayashi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Sibling studies of maternal smoking during pregnancy and subsequent risk of depression have produced mixed results. A recent study identified not considering the amount of maternal smoking and age of onset as potentially masking a true association. We examine these issues and also the amount of maternal smoking during pregnancy as a determinant of the severity of depressive symptoms.

Methods: We analyzed data from the community-based National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (US, 1994-2016). Mothers reported smoking during pregnancy (none, <1 pack/day, ≥1 pack/day). We assessed offspring's lifetime depression (i.e., ≥8 symptoms) and symptom counts with the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. We estimated the risk of these two outcomes in the full sample (n = 7172) and among siblings (n = 6145) using generalized linear mixed-effects models with random intercepts by family and family-averaged means for sibling analyses.

Results: Among siblings, we observed dose-dependent elevations for both risk of depression (smoking during pregnancy <1 pack/day adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07, 1.30; smoking ≥1 aRR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.19, 1.56) and severity of depressive symptoms (smoking <1 pack/day aRR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.16); smoking ≥1 pack/day aRR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.18, 1.31). Among both samples, the P for trend was <0.01. In analysis limited to offspring diagnosed before age 18, results for severity were attenuated.

Conclusions: This evidence supports the existence of an independent association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and both the risk of depression and the severity of depressive symptoms. The results highlight the utility of considering the amount of smoking, severity of symptoms, and age of onset.

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胎儿暴露于烟草代谢物与成年期抑郁症:超越二元测量。
背景:有关母亲在怀孕期间吸烟及其后患抑郁症风险的同胞研究结果不一。最近的一项研究发现,不考虑母亲吸烟量和发病年龄可能会掩盖真正的关联。我们研究了这些问题,并探讨了孕期母亲吸烟作为抑郁症状严重程度决定因素的相关性:我们分析了基于社区的全国青年纵向调查(美国,1994-2016 年)的数据。母亲报告在怀孕期间吸烟(无、有、无):在兄弟姐妹中,我们观察到抑郁风险呈剂量依赖性升高(怀孕期间吸烟 结论:怀孕期间吸烟与抑郁风险呈剂量依赖性升高):这些证据支持母亲在孕期吸烟与抑郁风险和抑郁症状严重程度之间存在独立关联。结果强调了考虑吸烟量、症状严重程度和发病年龄的实用性。
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来源期刊
Epidemiology
Epidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
177
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Epidemiology publishes original research from all fields of epidemiology. The journal also welcomes review articles and meta-analyses, novel hypotheses, descriptions and applications of new methods, and discussions of research theory or public health policy. We give special consideration to papers from developing countries.
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