Optimization of nitrogen regulates the ionic homeostasis, potassium efficiency, and proline content to improve the growth, yield, and quality of maize under salinity stress
Syed Ayyaz Javed , Muhammad Tauseef Jaffar , Sher Muhammad Shahzad , Muhammad Ashraf , Muhammad Awais Piracha , Ahmed Mukhtar , Shafeeq Ur Rahman , Hesham S. Almoallim , Mohammad Javed Ansari , Jianguo Zhang
{"title":"Optimization of nitrogen regulates the ionic homeostasis, potassium efficiency, and proline content to improve the growth, yield, and quality of maize under salinity stress","authors":"Syed Ayyaz Javed , Muhammad Tauseef Jaffar , Sher Muhammad Shahzad , Muhammad Ashraf , Muhammad Awais Piracha , Ahmed Mukhtar , Shafeeq Ur Rahman , Hesham S. Almoallim , Mohammad Javed Ansari , Jianguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105836","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salinity has become a global problem for sustainable agriculture and poses a major threat to food security and crop productivity. Adequate nitrogen (N) application is considered an important and economical means to address the issue of salinity stress by alleviating its adverse effects on plant growth. For this, a pot study was performed to investigate the interactive effects of different levels of N and salinity on the morphological, biochemical, yield and quality attributes of maize. For this purpose, seven different levels of N were applied: 0 (control), 160, 186, 240, 267, 293 and 320 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>. These treatments were tested both under non-salinized conditions and in the presence of 10 dS m<sup>−1</sup> NaCl-induced salinity. The results showed that all parameters improved during the growth period of the maize plantwhen the N dose was increased upto the N5 (293 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>) and then followed a reduction trend at the N6 (320 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>), which could be due to the late plant maturity. It was also found that Na: K ratio and proline content decreased with increasing N level increased. This could be due to the antagonism of sodium ions (Na<sup>+</sup>) with the ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) form of N, resulting in improved total K uptake (TKUP), K harvest index (KHI), potassium yield efficiency (KYE), potassium use efficiency (KUE) and physiological K use efficiency (PKUE). Similarly, the increased N concentration also increased the protein, oil and starch content. Overall, optimizing N supply, especially at the N5 level, contributed significantly to improving maize plant adaptability to salt stress via regulating the K and proline content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098847224001941","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Salinity has become a global problem for sustainable agriculture and poses a major threat to food security and crop productivity. Adequate nitrogen (N) application is considered an important and economical means to address the issue of salinity stress by alleviating its adverse effects on plant growth. For this, a pot study was performed to investigate the interactive effects of different levels of N and salinity on the morphological, biochemical, yield and quality attributes of maize. For this purpose, seven different levels of N were applied: 0 (control), 160, 186, 240, 267, 293 and 320 kg N ha−1. These treatments were tested both under non-salinized conditions and in the presence of 10 dS m−1 NaCl-induced salinity. The results showed that all parameters improved during the growth period of the maize plantwhen the N dose was increased upto the N5 (293 kg N ha−1) and then followed a reduction trend at the N6 (320 kg N ha−1), which could be due to the late plant maturity. It was also found that Na: K ratio and proline content decreased with increasing N level increased. This could be due to the antagonism of sodium ions (Na+) with the ammonium (NH4+) form of N, resulting in improved total K uptake (TKUP), K harvest index (KHI), potassium yield efficiency (KYE), potassium use efficiency (KUE) and physiological K use efficiency (PKUE). Similarly, the increased N concentration also increased the protein, oil and starch content. Overall, optimizing N supply, especially at the N5 level, contributed significantly to improving maize plant adaptability to salt stress via regulating the K and proline content.
期刊介绍:
Environmental and Experimental Botany (EEB) publishes research papers on the physical, chemical, biological, molecular mechanisms and processes involved in the responses of plants to their environment.
In addition to research papers, the journal includes review articles. Submission is in agreement with the Editors-in-Chief.
The Journal also publishes special issues which are built by invited guest editors and are related to the main themes of EEB.
The areas covered by the Journal include:
(1) Responses of plants to heavy metals and pollutants
(2) Plant/water interactions (salinity, drought, flooding)
(3) Responses of plants to radiations ranging from UV-B to infrared
(4) Plant/atmosphere relations (ozone, CO2 , temperature)
(5) Global change impacts on plant ecophysiology
(6) Biotic interactions involving environmental factors.