Current insights into the implementation of electrochemical sensors for comprehensive detection and analysis of radionuclides

Abstract

Radionuclides pose a severe threat to our environment and human well-being, particularly when they are artificially created, and their impact has become a pressing global issue due to their increasing use in diagnostic biomedical applications, nuclear power plants, and warfare ornaments. Therefore, it is essential to establish effective strategies for timely and selectively sensing and detecting radionuclides to minimize their harmful impacts on human health. This review offers a comprehensive discussion on various electrochemical ultra-trace techniques (DPV, LSV, CV, and EIS) using chemically modified electrodes, exploring various types of polymers, MOFs, and nanocomposites, that are being utilized in detection process. It delves into the intricacies of each approach and provides a detailed overview of their advantages and limitations. This review focuses solely on the recent research (2020–2023) to provide the readers an insightful and detailed perspective on the electrochemical detection of radionuclides with a view for future scope and development.