Interaction of furfural and hexadecane as bio-oil and plastics pyro-oil model compounds with non-thermal plasma processing as a route to in-situ hydrogen donor upgrading of bio-oil
Maryam Khatibi, Mohamad A. Nahil, Paul T. Williams
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Abstract
Bio-oil upgrading by deoxygenation with a hydrogen donor has been investigated using a model bio-oil compound (furfural) and a model hydrocarbon (hexadecane) typically produced from plastics pyrolysis as the hydrogen donor. Upgrading has been investigated using a non-thermal plasma reactor system with the presence of hexadecane to improve bio-oil quality by raising the H/C ratio. The effect of input power on product yield, oil and gas composition has been investigated. There was little synergistic interaction between furfural and hexadecane in the absence of plasma. However, introduction of the non-thermal plasma, and increasing the input power for the furfural: hexadecane mixture resulted in a greater yield of gas components, along with the production of single ring aromatic and mono-oxygenated oil compounds, while dual-oxygenated compounds in the oil were reduced. There was a positive synergy for most light hydrocarbons, with higher input plasma power leading to higher positive synergy percentages. Conversely, the synergistic effect for most heavy hydrocarbons was negative, suppressing the formation of higher molecular weight oil compounds, which intensified with higher input plasma power levels. This phenomenon may be attributed to high-energy electrons in the non-thermal plasma environment colliding with volatile components of the feedstock, aiding in deoxygenation and the production of light hydrocarbons.
期刊介绍：
Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials.
The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy.
Key areas covered by the journal:
• Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation.
• Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal.
• Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes
• Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation
• Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.
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