Exploring the impact of flavin homeostasis on cancer cell metabolism

IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189149
Alessia Nisco , Maria Tolomeo , Mariafrancesca Scalise , Katia Zanier , Maria Barile
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Abstract

Flavins and their associated proteins have recently emerged as compelling players in the landscape of cancer biology. Flavins, encompassing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), serve as coenzymes in a multitude of cellular processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Their involvement in oxidative phosphorylation, redox homeostasis, and enzymatic reactions has long been recognized. However, recent research has unveiled an extended role for flavins in the context of cancer. In parallel, riboflavin transporters (RFVTs), FAD synthase (FADS), and riboflavin kinase (RFK) have gained prominence in cancer research. These proteins, responsible for riboflavin uptake, FAD biosynthesis, and FMN generation, are integral components of the cellular machinery that governs flavin homeostasis. Dysregulation in the expression/function of these proteins has been associated with various cancers, underscoring their potential as diagnostic markers, therapeutic targets, and key determinants of cancer cell behavior. This review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted role of flavins and of the flavoproteins involved in nucleus-mitochondria crosstalk in cancer. We journey through the influence of flavins on cancer cell energetics, the modulation of RFVTs in malignant transformation, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of FADS, and the implications of RFK in drug resistance and apoptosis. This review also underscores the potential of these molecules and processes as targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for the battle against this relentless disease.

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探索黄素平衡对癌细胞代谢的影响。
黄素及其相关蛋白最近在癌症生物学研究中崭露头角。黄素包括黄素单核苷酸(FMN)和黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD),在新陈代谢、细胞凋亡和细胞增殖等多种细胞过程中充当辅酶。它们在氧化磷酸化、氧化还原平衡和酶促反应中的参与早已得到认可。然而,最近的研究揭示了黄素在癌症中的延伸作用。与此同时,核黄素转运体(RFVTs)、FAD 合成酶(FADS)和核黄素激酶(RFK)也在癌症研究中占据了重要地位。这些蛋白质负责核黄素摄取、FAD 生物合成和 FMN 生成,是控制黄素平衡的细胞机制的重要组成部分。这些蛋白的表达/功能失调与多种癌症有关,凸显了它们作为诊断标志物、治疗靶点和癌细胞行为关键决定因素的潜力。本综述将全面探讨黄素的多方面作用以及参与癌症中细胞核-线粒体串扰的黄素蛋白。我们将探讨黄素对癌细胞能量的影响、RFVTs 在恶性转化中的调节作用、FADS 的诊断和预后意义以及 RFK 在耐药性和细胞凋亡中的作用。这篇综述还强调了这些分子和过程作为新型诊断和治疗策略靶点的潜力,为对抗这种无情的疾病提供了新的途径。
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来源期刊
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
17.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
138
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer encompasses the entirety of cancer biology and biochemistry, emphasizing oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, growth-related cell cycle control signaling, carcinogenesis mechanisms, cell transformation, immunologic control mechanisms, genetics of human (mammalian) cancer, control of cell proliferation, genetic and molecular control of organismic development, rational anti-tumor drug design. It publishes mini-reviews and full reviews.
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