Terrestrial runoff is an important source of biological INPs in Arctic marine systems

IF 5.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.5194/egusphere-2024-1633
Corina Wieber, Lasse Z. Jensen, Leendert Vergeynst, Lorenz Maire, Thomas Juul-Pedersen, Kai Finster, Tina Šantl-Temkiv
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Abstract

Abstract. The accelerated warming of the Arctic manifests in sea ice loss and melting glaciers, significantly altering the dynamics of marine biota. This disruption in marine ecosystems can lead to the emission of biological ice nucleating particles (INPs) from the ocean into the atmosphere. Once airborne, these INPs induce cloud droplet freezing, thereby affecting cloud lifetime and radiative properties. Despite the potential atmospheric impacts of marine INPs, their properties and sources remain poorly understood. Analysing sea bulk water and the sea surface microlayer in two southwest Greenlandic fjords, collected between June and September 2018, and investigating the INPs along with the microbial communities, we could demonstrate a clear seasonal variation in the number of INPs and a notable input from terrestrial runoff. We found the highest INP concentration in June during the late stage of the phytoplankton bloom and active melting processes causing enhanced terrestrial runoff. These highly active INPs were smaller in size and less heat-sensitive than those found later in the summer and those previously identified in Arctic marine systems. A negative correlation between salinity and INP abundance suggests freshwater input as sources of INPs. Stable oxygen isotope analysis, along with the strong correlation between INPs and the presence of the bacterium Aquaspirillum arcticum, highlighted meteoric water as the primary origin of the freshwater influx, suggesting that the notably active INPs originate from terrestrial sources such as glacial and soil runoff.
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陆地径流是北极海洋系统中生物 INPs 的重要来源
摘要北极地区的加速变暖表现为海冰消失和冰川融化,极大地改变了海洋生物区系的动态。海洋生态系统的这种破坏会导致生物冰核粒子(INPs)从海洋排放到大气中。一旦进入空气,这些 INPs 会导致云滴冻结,从而影响云的寿命和辐射特性。尽管海洋 INPs 对大气有潜在影响,但人们对其特性和来源仍然知之甚少。我们分析了 2018 年 6 月至 9 月期间在格陵兰西南部两个峡湾采集的海水散装水和海面微层,并对 INPs 和微生物群落进行了调查,结果表明 INPs 的数量存在明显的季节性变化,并且有显著的陆地径流输入。我们发现,6 月份的 INP 浓度最高,当时正值浮游植物大量繁殖的后期,融化过程活跃,导致陆地径流增加。这些高度活跃的 INPs 与夏季晚些时候发现的 INPs 以及之前在北极海洋系统中发现的 INPs 相比,体积更小,对热的敏感性更低。盐度与 INP 丰度之间的负相关表明淡水输入是 INP 的来源。稳定氧同位素分析以及 INPs 与 Aquaspirillum arcticum 细菌之间的强相关性突出表明,流星水是淡水流入的主要来源,这表明显著活跃的 INPs 来自陆地来源,如冰川和土壤径流。
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来源期刊
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
20.60%
发文量
702
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of high-quality studies investigating the Earth''s atmosphere and the underlying chemical and physical processes. It covers the altitude range from the land and ocean surface up to the turbopause, including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. The main subject areas comprise atmospheric modelling, field measurements, remote sensing, and laboratory studies of gases, aerosols, clouds and precipitation, isotopes, radiation, dynamics, biosphere interactions, and hydrosphere interactions. The journal scope is focused on studies with general implications for atmospheric science rather than investigations that are primarily of local or technical interest.
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