Cyclic loading effects and stability assessment of trees and stumps used as anchors in cable yarding operations

IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY European Journal of Forest Research Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI:10.1007/s10342-024-01714-9
Luca Marchi, Omar Mologni, Ken Byrne, Stefano Grigolato, Dominik Roeser
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Abstract

Swing yarders in running skyline configuration using either grapples or chokers represent the most common configuration for cable yarding in coastal British Columbia. In this context, whole-tree logging and short work cycles lead to heavy and repeated loads applied to the trees and stumps when used as anchors for the rigging cables. Moreover, increased harvesting of second-growth forest stands leads to the unavailability of large and safe trees, thus introducing new challenges to identify suitable anchors and potentially increases safety risks of cable yarding operations.

The present study aimed to collect evidence of the mechanical response provided by anchors for typical cable yarders used in second-growth harvesting in coastal British Columbia, and test the suitability of innovative techniques for the stability assessment based on the relationship between the anchor root-plate rotations and the related applied tensile forces. A conspicuous dataset could be derived from all the surveys, storing anchor rotations from a total of 1522 work cycles of which 1224 work cycles included also tensions measurements. The methodological approach was proven effective for monitoring different rigging configurations giving proof that repeated loading affects the stability of a tree/stump which can rapidly change over few hours of active yarding operations. Acquired data proved also that comparing theoretical failure limits with anchor rotations could be a valid approach however a considerable amount of species-specific data from tree pulling tests is required.

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在电缆码放作业中用作锚的树木和树桩的循环载荷效应和稳定性评估
在不列颠哥伦比亚省沿海地区,最常见的缆绳码放方式是使用抓斗或吊钩的天际线摆动式码放机。在这种情况下,整树采伐和较短的工作周期导致树木和树桩在作为索具缆绳的锚定物时承受沉重和重复的负荷。本研究旨在收集不列颠哥伦比亚省沿海次生林采伐中使用的典型电缆码放机锚的机械响应证据,并根据锚根板旋转与相关应用拉力之间的关系,测试创新技术在稳定性评估中的适用性。从所有勘测中可以得出一个显著的数据集,共存储了 1522 个工作周期的锚杆旋转,其中 1224 个工作周期还包括张力测量。事实证明,该方法可有效监测不同的索具配置,从而证明重复加载会影响树木/树桩的稳定性,而树木/树桩的稳定性会在几个小时的堆码作业中迅速发生变化。获得的数据还证明,将理论失效极限与锚杆旋转进行比较是一种有效的方法,但还需要从树木拉拔试验中获得大量针对特定树种的数据。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.60%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Forest Research focuses on publishing innovative results of empirical or model-oriented studies which contribute to the development of broad principles underlying forest ecosystems, their functions and services. Papers which exclusively report methods, models, techniques or case studies are beyond the scope of the journal, while papers on studies at the molecular or cellular level will be considered where they address the relevance of their results to the understanding of ecosystem structure and function. Papers relating to forest operations and forest engineering will be considered if they are tailored within a forest ecosystem context.
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